Background Knowledge Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is background knowledge?
Background knowledge refers to the information and experiences that a reader brings to a text, which helps in understanding and interpreting it.
Who is E.D. Hirsch?
E.D. Hirsch is an American educator and literary critic known for his work on the importance of background knowledge in reading comprehension.
True or False: Background knowledge is irrelevant to reading comprehension.
False
Fill in the blank: According to Hirsch, the more background knowledge a reader has, the better their ________ of the text.
comprehension
What is the main argument of E.D. Hirsch’s book ‘Cultural Literacy’?
The main argument is that a shared body of knowledge is essential for effective communication and understanding in a literate society.
Multiple Choice: What does Hirsch believe is a key factor in educational success? A) Intelligence B) Background Knowledge C) Test Scores
B) Background Knowledge
What role does background knowledge play in the science of learning?
Background knowledge facilitates the integration of new information with existing knowledge, enhancing understanding and retention.
True or False: Effective reading instruction should focus solely on phonics.
False
What is one method Hirsch suggests for building background knowledge in students?
Curriculum that includes a rich and varied set of content knowledge across subjects.
Fill in the blank: The ‘Matthew Effect’ in reading refers to the phenomenon that ________ readers tend to gain more knowledge than ________ readers.
stronger; weaker
What is the significance of schema in reading comprehension?
Schema refers to the mental structures that organize knowledge, which help readers make sense of new information.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a benefit of background knowledge in reading? A) Enhanced comprehension B) Increased speed C) Greater enjoyment
B) Increased speed
What does Hirsch advocate for in terms of curriculum design?
A curriculum that emphasizes a broad base of knowledge and cultural literacy.
True or False: E.D. Hirsch argues that background knowledge can be developed through reading alone.
False
What is one common misconception about background knowledge?
That it is only necessary for advanced readers.
Fill in the blank: Hirsch’s approach emphasizes the importance of ________ knowledge in achieving literacy.
cultural
What did Hirsch identify as a barrier to reading comprehension in diverse classrooms?
The lack of common background knowledge among students.
Multiple Choice: In Hirsch’s view, what is essential for teaching reading? A) Phonics instruction B) Background knowledge C) Vocabulary lists
B) Background knowledge
What does the term ‘cultural literacy’ mean according to Hirsch?
The ability to understand and participate fluently in a given culture, which requires specific knowledge.
True or False: Background knowledge can be effectively taught through direct instruction.
True
What is the effect of limited background knowledge on reading comprehension?
It can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations of the text.
Fill in the blank: Hirsch believes that reading comprehension is significantly influenced by a reader’s ________ knowledge.
prior
What is one characteristic of effective reading materials according to the science of learning?
They should engage students’ background knowledge and stimulate connections to new information.
