Backgrounds of Greek Tragedy

Question 0

What is goat song in Greek?

Answer 0

tragos oide

Question 1

what does the word tragedy come from?

Answer 1

goat song

Question 2

what is dithyramb

Answer 2

choral lyric with group dancing and sometimes brief dialogue between leader and chorus

Question 3

How did the theater start out, style wise?

Answer 3

crude improvisation

Question 4

what was tragedy based on?

Answer 4

myths about Dionysus

Question 5

How was the crude improvisation played out?

Answer 5

rough burlesque

satire

Question 6

How did theater change?

Answer 6

to formal artistic structure
more sophisticated philosophical attitude
lengthier stories
actors added

Question 7

What happened in Athens?

Answer 7

Three Annual festivals honoring Dionysus

Question 8

What happened at the festivals

Answer 8

one poet per morning
each poet presents a tetralogy
judges determine winners

Question 9

what is a tetralogy

Answer 9

3 tragedies

1 satire play

Question 10

what was the other purpose of the theater

Answer 10

civic and religious obligation

Question 11

What is a choragus

Answer 11

wealthy citizen that paid for the production

Question 12

what did the choragus pay for the production as?

Answer 12

a liturgy

Question 13

what is a liturgy

Answer 13

public service

Question 14

What happened if your play won first?

Answer 14

received honors

Question 15

Admission?

Answer 15

free or subsidized by state

Question 16

Important figures

Answer 16

Thespis

Aeschylus

Question 17

Who was Thespis?

Answer 17

father of drama
used the first actor - possibly himself
did the first tragedy at Athens

Question 18

Who was Aeschylus

Answer 18

wrote first tragedy in the sense that the word is used today

Question 19

amphitheater

Answer 19

semicircle structure used as the site for productions

Question 20

theatron

Answer 20

area in which the audience sat

Question 21

parados

Answer 21

entrance passage

Question 22

orchestra

Answer 22

dancing place of the chorus

Question 23

thymele

Answer 23

alter to Dionysus in center of orchestra

Question 24

skene

Answer 24

wooden scene building | dressing room for actors and backdrop for the play

Question 25

proscenium

Answer 25

level area in front of the skene where most of the action took place

Question 26

eccyclema

Answer 26

wheeled platform which was rolled out of the skene to reveal action that had taken place indoors

Question 27

machina

Answer 27

mounted on top of the skene | used for appearance of the gods

Question 28

what was the appearance of the gods called

Answer 28

deus de machina

Question 29

What were the actors like?

Answer 29

male

Question 30

Who played the lead?

Answer 30

the poet

Question 31

what do you call the central character

Answer 31

protagonist

Question 32

what were the actors wearing?

Answer 32

elaborate, formal costumes and masks

Question 33

What did the chorus function as?

Answer 33

nucleus from which the tragedy evolved | ideal spectator

Question 34

what did the chorus create

Answer 34

psychological and emotional background for the play

Question 35

who was the spokesman of the chorus

Answer 35

choragos

Question 36

where were the plots taken from

Answer 36

greek mythology

Question 37

What were the plots the subjects of

Answer 37

great moral dignity and emotional significance

Question 38

Why were the stories familiar?

Answer 38

allowed for reinterpretation and explanation through irony and allusions

Question 39

order of parts

Answer 39

``` prologue parados episode ode exodos ```

Question 40

what was the prologue

Answer 40

opening scene

Question 41

what was the parados

Answer 41

entrance of the chorus

Question 42

what was the episode

Answer 42

similar to the modern act or scene

Question 43

what was the ode

Answer 43

choral ode at the end of each episode

Question 44

another word for ode

Answer 44

stasimon

Question 45

what was the exodos

Answer 45

final action after the last stasimon including the ceremonial exit of all the players

Question 46

What did Aristotle write about?

Answer 46

poetics | study of Greek drama

Question 47

when did Aristotle write?

Answer 47

About a century after most great Greek playwrights had died

Question 48

why is aristotle's work unique

Answer 48

the only critical study of Greek drama from that general time period

Question 49

mimesis

Answer 49

imitation of things as they could be, not as they are

Question 50

catharsis

Answer 50

the aim of the tragedy

Question 51

what is the aim of a tragedy

Answer 51

to bring about a purging of the emotions (pity, fear) of the audience

Question 52

6 main elements of a tragedy

Answer 52

``` plot thought character diction spectacle song ```

Question 53

what is the most important part of a tragedy

Answer 53

plot

Question 54

what is spectacle

Answer 54

scenic effect

Question 55

what does song refer to

Answer 55

music

Question 56

what must the plot have

Answer 56

a beginning, middle, and end | central theme

Question 57

what must the central theme do

Answer 57

illustrate matters of universal rather than individual significance

Question 58

2 main features of the plot

Answer 58

reversal | recognition

Question 59

greek word for reversal

Answer 59

peripetia

Question 60

what is reversal

Answer 60

the opposite of what is planned or hoped for occurs

Question 61

what is the greek word for recognition

Answer 61

anagnorisis

Question 62

what is recognition

Answer 62

the point when the protagonist realizes the truth of a situation, discovers another's identity, or comes to a realization about himself

Question 63

what must the ideal protagonist be

Answer 63

highly renowned and prosperous | has error of judgment or frailty

Question 64

what is frailty in Greek

Answer 64

harmartia

Question 65

what must the protagonist do

Answer 65

not offend the moral sensibilities of the spectators be true to type and life be consistent

Question 66

who was Greece's most successful playwright

Answer 66

Sophocles

Question 67

when was Sophocles born

Answer 67

495 BC

Question 68

where was Sophocles born

Answer 68

Colonus

Question 69

where is colonus

Answer 69

just outside athens

Question 70

elements of Sophocles' traditional education

Answer 70

music poetry dancing gymnastics

Question 71

How was Sophocles distinguished

Answer 71

his ability and physical beauty

Question 72

Accomplishments of Sophocles

Answer 72

120+ plays, many prize winning

Question 73

What was Sophocles involved in

Answer 73

civic affairs | general priesthood

Question 74

Sophocles' reputation

Answer 74

admired

Question 75

Sophocles seemed to have been

Answer 75

chosen by the gods for blessings

Question 76

when did Sophocles write

Answer 76

the most creative and prosperous time in Athenian history

Question 77

What was Sophocles' time called

Answer 77

Golden Age

Question 78

What century did Sophocles live in

Answer 78

5th century

Question 79

When did Sophocles die

Answer 79

406 B.C.