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Study 2nd sem Midterms > Bacte lec Neisseria > Flashcards

Bacte lec Neisseria Flashcards

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1
Q

Aerobic, non-motile, non spore forming, gram-
negative diplococci

A

Most of Neisseria spp.

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2
Q

The rod shaped neisseria spp.

A

N. weaveri, N. Elongata, N. Bacilliformis

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3
Q

Neisseria spp. are known to be __________ positive and ____________________ positive

A

Catalase, Cytochrome Oxidase

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4
Q

What type of bacteria are Neisseria spp. based on carbon dioxide requirement

A

Capnophilic

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5
Q

N. meningitidis may be found as a commensal inhabitant of the ______________________ of carriers, but it can also become an invasive pathogen

A

Upper respiratory tract

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6
Q

Pathogenic Neisseria spp. are ______________ organisms, requiring enriched media for optimal recovery

A

fastidious

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7
Q

What are the pathogenic Neisseria spp. (3)

A

N. gonorrheae
N. meningitidis
N. weaveri

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8
Q

What specific element is needed for the fastidious N. gonorrheae and N. meningitidis

A

Iron

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9
Q

The primary reason why pathogenic Neisseria spp. are strictly human pathogens

A

The ability to bind transferrin

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10
Q

N. weaveri can be found as a commensal in the ___________________ of the dog

A

upper respiratory tract of the dog

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11
Q

What are the virulence factors of the pathogenic Neisseria spp. (6)

A

o Receptors for human transferrin
o Capsule (N. meningitidis)
o Pili
o Cell membrane proteins
o Lipooligosaccharides
o IgA protease

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12
Q

Primary virulence factor of N.gonorrheae

A

Pili (fimbriae)

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13
Q

3 Cell membrane proteins in Pathogenic Neisseria spp.

A

o Por (Protein II)
o Opa (Protein III)
o Reduction modified protein (protein III)

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14
Q

Cell membrane proteins in Pathogenic Neisseria spp.

Channel for passage of nutrients
and waste products

A

Por (Protein II)

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15
Q

Cell membrane proteins in Pathogenic Neisseria spp.

Facilitate adherence of
organisms to phagocytic and epithelial cells

A

Opa (protein II)

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16
Q

Cell membrane proteins in Pathogenic Neisseria spp.

Blocks host IgG

A

Reduction modified protein (protein III)

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17
Q

Protective against host’s inflammatory
response and complement mediated killi

A

PorB expressed only by N.gonorrheae

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18
Q

Acute pyogenic
infection of the non-ciliated columnar and transitional
epithelium

A

gonorrhoea

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19
Q

Causative agent of gonorrhea

A

Neisseria gonorrheae

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20
Q

Gonorrhea is also known as the _______

A

clap

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21
Q

Primary reservoir of Neisseria gonorrhea

A

asymptomatic carrier

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22
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae incubation period

A

2-7 days

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23
Q

Symptoms of men that have gonorrhoeae

A

purulent discharge and dysuria

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24
Q

How many cases are asymptomatic for men (%)

A

3-5% of cases

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25
common site of infection of N. gonorrhoeae is the _____________
endocervix
26
symptoms of women that have gonorrheae
cervical discharge, dysuria, & lower abdominal pain
27
common strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men
AHU strain
28
what are the sources of specimen for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (5)
Urethra for men Endocervix for women Rectum Pharynx joint fluid
29
In men: when no apparent discharge, swab is inserted up to _____ in the anterior urethra and slowly rotated to collect the discharge
2cm
30
Swab for rectal culture should be inserted __________ into the anal canal
4-5cm
31
____________ swabs are preferred for Neisseria gonorrhoeae
4-5cm
32
o Gonococcal eye infection o Acquired during delivery through an infected birth canal o Can lead to blindness
Ophthalmia neonatorum
33
Commercial Transport systems for N. gonorrheae must contain _________________ and _______________________
selective media and CO2 atmosphere
34
examples of Commercial Transport systems for N. gonorrheae (3)
o JEMBEC plates (James E. Martin Biological Environmental Chamber) o Gono-Pak o Transgrow
35
N. gonorrheae Smears are prepared from __________________________
urogenital specimens
36
Nasopharyngeal specimens not recommended for identifying N. gonorrheae from gram stain due to the presence of ___________________________
commensal Neisseria
37
N. gonorrheae does not grow on ___________, instead the ideal medium to be used is _______________
BAP, CAP
38
___________________ is used to prevent the growth of swarming proteus spp. in the N. gonorrheae plate
Trimethoprim
39
N. gonorrheae palte is examined for growth after___________ days
7
40
N. gonorrheae Colonies are _______________________________ and ___________ after __________ of incubation
small, gray to tan, translucent, raised 24-48 hours
41
colony of N. gonorrheae that are piliated, and considered as virulent colonies
T1 and T2
42
colony of N. gonorrheae that are non piliated and avirulent
T3-T5
43
_____________________ is recommended for workup since the organism can produce their own autolytic enzyme
Fresh culture
44
Colonies are streaked to a plate with __________________
10 unit penicillin disk
45
Oxidase Test Reagents (2)
o 1% dimethyl p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride o 1% tetramethyl p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride
46
Presumptive biochemical test positive result?
Purple color within 2 seconds
47
What are the inhibitory agents for Thayer Martin (3)
o Vancomycin o Colistin o Nystatin
48
What are the inhibitory agents for Modified Thayer Martin (4)
o Vancomycin o Colistin o Nystatin o Trimethoprim
49
What are the inhibitory agents for Martin Lewis
o Vancomycin o Colistin o Nystatin o Trimethoprim
50
What are the inhibitory agents for New York medium
o Vancomycin o Colistin o Trimethoprim o Amphotericin B
51
Cystine Trypticase Agar, yellow color in the medium as a result of fermentation
carbohydrate Utilization test
52
o Based on color changes after bacterial enzymes o hydrolyse the CHO substrates Useful for identification of N.gonorrheae
Chromogenic Substrates Methods of CHO utilization
53
o Combine substrates of other biochemical tests o Can also identify other genera such as Haemophilus spp.
Multitest Method
54
o Microbial proteins are separated based on size and charge o Detects unique protein signatures of the organisms
MALDI-TOF MS
55
Detects gonococcal antigens or nucleic acids directly from specimens
Non-Culture methods
56
Can be a commensal in the upper tract
Neisseria meningitidis
57
o Causative agent of: meningitis and meningococcemia o Recovered from urogenital and rectal sites due to oral-genital contact o MOT: close contact of infection person via respiratory droplets
Neisseria meningitidis
58
_________________________ using CTA medium * Medium: Cystine Trypticase Agar o pH indicator: Phenol red o 1% of individual CHO ▪ Glucose ▪ Maltose ▪ Sucrose ▪ Lactose * Result: yellow color in the medium as a result of fermentation * N.gonorrheae: N.gonorrheae: Ferments glucose
Carbohydrate Utilization Test
59
Causative agent of: meningitis and meningococcemia * Recovered from urogenital and rectal sites due to oral-genital contact * MOT: close contact of infection person via respiratory droplets
Neisseria meningitidis
60
Purpura (hemorrhaging of blood into the skin and mucous membranes producing bruises) with petechial skin rash
Meningococcemia
61
Abrupt onset of frontal head ache, neck stiffness, confusion, and photobia
Meningitidis
62
Meningococcal Disease Incubation: ______________________
1-10days
63
4 Fulminant form of meningococcemia
o DIC o Septic Shock o Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome - hemorrhage in the adrenal gland o Rash - endotoxins
64
Moraxella catarrhalis is a positive for ________________________
beta lactamase
65
Colonies described as “__________” - remains intact when pushed across the plate with a loop
hockey puck
66
Tests to Differentiate From Neisseria (4)
o Grows on NA o DNAse positive o Fails to utilize CHO in the CTA medium o Butyrate esterase reaction + (Tributyrin as the substrate)

Study 2nd sem Midterms (21 decks)

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