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Ellen Microbiology > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s the difference between Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria?

and describe

A

Cell wall structure

-+ve = peptidoglycan +++ -> cell memb.
-ve = lipopolysaccharide -> peptidoglycan -> cell memb.

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2
Q

Which group of bacteria broadly have high antibiotic resistance?

A

Gram -ve

Lipopolysaccharide wall

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3
Q

Which classes belong to the phyla bacillota?

A

Bacilli and Clostridia

Bacillota are gram +ve

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4
Q

What’s the difference between clostridia and bacillota?

The two classes of bacillota

A

Clostridia = anaerobes, toxins
Bacillota = aerobes/ facultative anaerobes

Both gram +ve

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5
Q

Which orders belong to the class Bacilli?

A

Lacto-bacillales and Bacillales

Both Gram +ve

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6
Q

What’s the difference between Lacto-bacillales and Bacillales?

A

Lactobacillales = Catalase -ve, non spore forming
Bacillales = Catalase +ve, endospores

Both Gram +ve

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7
Q

What family do Streptococcae belong to?

A

Lacto-bacillales

Gram +ve

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8
Q

What are the key characteristics of streptococcae?

Gram, shape, orientation, catalase, motility, spores

A

Gram +ve
Cocci
Pairs or chains
Catalase -ve
Nonmotile
Non-spore

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9
Q

What differentiates streptococci?

A

Haemolysis status

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10
Q

What is haemolysis?

In the context of streptococci

A

RBC destruction

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11
Q

What agar culture allows haemolytic assessment?

A

Blood agar plates

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12
Q

What does beta haemolysis mean?

A

Complete haemolysis

Clear zone on blood agar plate

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13
Q

What does alpha haemolysis mean?

A

Partial haemolysis

Green, opaque zone on blood agar plate

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14
Q

What does gamma haemolysis mean?

A

No haemolysis

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15
Q

If a colony beta heamolyses blood agar, what are the possible species?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus Aureus

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16
Q

If a colony alpha heamolyses blood agar, what are the possible species?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Viridans Streptococci

Viridans = green discolouration

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17
Q

If a colony gamma haemolyses blood agar, what are the possible species?

A

Enterococci
Staphylococcus epidermidis

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18
Q

What specis can be found in the family Bacillales?

A

Bacillus
Listeria
Staphylococcus

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19
Q

What family do Bacillus belong to?

A

Bacillales

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20
Q

What is an important species of Bacillus?

A

Bacillus Anthracis

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21
Q

Describe the species Bacillus Anthracis

Gram, shape, orientation, catalase, motility, spores, respiration

A

Gram +ve
Large rod
Chains
Catalase +ve
Nonmotile
Spores
Aerobic

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22
Q

What family do Listeria belong to?

23
Q

Name an important species of Listeria

Study These Flashcards
A

Listeria Monocytogenes

24
Q

Describe Listeria Monocytogenes

Gram, shape, catalase, spores, respiration

Study These Flashcards
A

Gram +ve
Rod
Catalase +ve
Non-spore
Facultatively anaerobic

25
Describe Staphylococci | Gram, shape, orientation, catalase, motility, spores, respiration
Gram +ve Cocci Gape bunch/clusters Catalase +ve (mostly) Non-motile Non-spore Facultatively anaerobc
26
How can you differentiate between Staphylococci species?
Coagulase status
27
What staphylococci is coagulase +ve?
Aureus
28
Which staphylococci is coagulase -ve?
Epidermidis Saprophyticus
29
Describe Clostridium | Gram, shape, orientation, motility, spores, respiration
Gram +ve Rods Pairs or short chains Occasional gliding motility Spores Obligate Anaerobe (mostly)
30
Name 4 important species of Clostridium
Difficile Botulinum Tetani Perfringens
31
What orders belong to the phyla Actinomycetota?
Actinomycetales Mycobacteriales
32
Describe Actinomycetota | Gram, shape, orientation ## Footnote Phylum
Gram +ve, cocci, filaments
33
Describe Actinomyces | Gram, shape, orientation, motility, spores, respiration
Gram +ve Rods Singly, pairs, clusters, chains Non-motile Spores Anerobic
34
Describe Mycobcteria | Gram, shape, catalase, motility, spores, respiration
Gram +ve Rod Catalase +ve Non-motile Non-spore Obligate aerobe
35
What's an important species of Corynebacter?
Diptheria
36
Describe Corynebacter | Gram, shape, motility, respiration
Gram +ve Rod (club) Non-motile Aerobic
37
Describe Nocardia | Gram, shape, acid fastness, motility, spores, respiration
Gram +ve Rod/coccoid Weak acid fast Non-motile Non-spores Aerobic
38
Describe Chlamydia | Gram, shape, motility, respiration, unique feature
Gram -ve Rod/coccoid Non-motile Anaerobic Extra and intracellular life cycles
39
Describe Mycoplasma | Gram, shape, motility, respiration
Gram -ve Cocci/filamentous Motile Aerobic
40
Which notable species belong to the order campylobacteriales?
Campylobacter jejuni Helicobacter Pylori
41
Describe Campylobacter jejuni | Gram, shape, motility, respiration
Gram -ve Rods (spiral) Motile Microaerobic
42
Describe Helicobacter Pylori | Gram, shape, motility, respiration
Gram -ve Rod/spiral Motile Microaerobic
43
Which classes are part of the phylum Pseudomonadota?
Betapropetobacteria Gammaproteobacteria
44
What is a notable genus in the class betaproteobacteria?
Neisseria
45
Describe Nerisseria | Gram, shape, motility, respiration, oxidase, catalase
Gram -ve Diplococci Non-motile Obligate aerobe Oxidase +ve Catalase +ve
46
Name the pathogenic species of Neisseria
Gonorrhoeae Meningitidis
47
What are the key differences between Neisseria gonorrhoeae and meningitidis?
Gonorrhoeae = Causes gonorrhoea, kidney shaped, common agent Meningitidis = Causes meningitis, semicircular diplococcus, rare agent
48
What orders come under Gammaproteobacteria?
Enterbacteriales Legionellales Pseudomonales Vibrionales Pasteurales
49
Describe order enterobacteriales | Gram, shape, respiration, oxidase, catalase, lactamase
Gram -ve Rod Facultative Anaerobic Oxidase -ve Catalase +ve Beta Lectamase
50
Name enterobacterales species
Escherichia coli Salmonella typhi Shigella dysentiriae Klebsiella pneumoniae
51
Describe Legionella Pneumophilia | Gram, shape, motility, spore, respiration
Gram -ve Rod/coccoid Flagellated Non-spore Aerobic
52
Describe Pseudomonas Aeruginosa | Gram, shape, motility, spore, respiration
Gram -ve Rod Flagellate Non-spore Aerobic
53
Describe Vibrio Cholerae | Gram, shape, motility, spore, respiration
Gram -ve Rod (curved) Flagellate Non-spore Facultative anaerobic
54
Describe Haemophilus influenzae | Gram, shape, motility, spore, respiration
Gram -ve Coccobacilli Non-motile Non-spore Aerobic (mostly)

Ellen Microbiology (1 decks)

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