bacteria Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is an autotroph?
An organisim that makes its own food, most likely using the sun.
Example: Autotrophs undergo photosynthesis and can make energy using sun
What is a heterotroph?
Organisins that obtain their food from an outside source (example: humans, animals).
Can bacteria be autotrophs or heterotrophs?
Yes, bacteria can be autotrophs or heterotrophs, but most bacteria are Heterotrophs.
What do heterotrophs consume?
Heterotrophs consume organic compounds like Plants and animal waste.
What do obligate aerobes need to survive?
Obligate aerobes need oxygen to survive.
What do obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the presence of?
Obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the presence of oxygen (can find this deep in an ocean).
What is a facultative aerobe?
Facultative aerobes can live with or without oxygen.
What are the characteristics of gram positive bacteria?
Gram positive bacteria have thick and porous protein layer that stains purple (eg. Staphylococcus).
What are the characteristics of gram negative bacteria?
Gram negative bacteria have thin protein layer that stains pink (eg. Escherichia Coli).
Genus: Escherichia, Species: Coli.
What does the term Bacillus mean in bacteria shapes?
Bacillus means they’re oval (Bacillus, plural).
What does the term Spirillum mean in bacteria shapes?
Spirillum means they’re spiral (Spirillum, plural).
What does Coccus mean is bacterial shapes?
They’re round
describe “Diplococcis” shape and how they look
circle shaped and come in 2s
Describe “staphlococcis” shape and how they look
they’re circle shaped and come in clusters
describe “streptococcis” shape and how they look
they’re circular and come in long chains
What does bacteria use to reproduce ASEXULLY and explain the process
Binary fission.
this splits the parents cell into 2 exact daughter cells with the same DNA
What is it called when bacteria reproduces SEXUALLY
Conjunction.
Bacteria structures become linked by pili and exchange genetic info
What does bacteria use for movement and what is it called ?
bacteria has a tail called the FLAGELLUM
what is the capsule around bacteria?
the polysaccharide /protein layer that protects bacteria cell against water loss and temperature change.
It prevents bacteria from being destroyed by white blood cells
Does bacteria have a nucleus
NO
what happens to the the DNA in bacteria with no neucleus
It floats around inside the bacteria
what is the plasmid
Extrachromosomal self replicating chunk of DNA that has antibiotic resistant genes
What does pili do
Pili allows bacteria to stick to surfaces and other cells
What is the cell wall and what does it do
the protein layer/peptidoglycan that maintains cell shape
