Bacteria

Question 1

Gram positive cocci in clusters
Catalase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin sensitive

Answer 1

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 2

Gram positive cocci in clusters
Catalase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin resistant

Answer 2

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 3

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative 
Alpha hemolytic 
Bile-optochin-sensitive
Encapsulated

Answer 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 4

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative 
Alpha hemolytic 
Bile-optochin-resistant
No capsule

Answer 4

Viridans streptococci

Question 5

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Beta hemolytic
Bacitracin sensitive

Answer 5

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 6

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Beta hemolytic
Bacitracin resistant

Answer 6

Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 7

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Gamma hemolytic

Answer 7

Group D streptococci

Question 8

Encapsulated bacteria

Answer 8

Streptococcus pneumoniae 
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
Neisseria meningitidis
Salmonella typhi
Group B streptococci

Question 9

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Aerobic, non-motile
Box-car shaped
Poly-D-glutamate
Medusa head morphology

Answer 9

Bacillus anthracis

Question 10

Spore-forming gram positive rods

Aerobic, mobile, reheated fried rice

Answer 10

Bacillus cereus

Question 11

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Anaerobic, tennis-racket-like
Spastic paralysis

Answer 11

Clostridium tetani

Question 12

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Anaerobic, bulging cans
Flaccid paralysis

Answer 12

Clostridium botulinum

Question 13

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Anaerobic, lecithinase
Gas-forming
Double hemolysis

Answer 13

Clostridium perfringens

egg yolk agar

Question 14

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Anaerobic
Pseudomembranes

Answer 14

Clostridium difficile

sx: Antibiotic associated diarrhea

Question 15

Non-spore-forming gram positive rods
Aerobic, non-motile
Curved
Chinese characters 
Pseudomembranes

Answer 15

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

black colonies on tellurite agar

Question 16

Non-spore-forming gram positive rods
Aerobic, curved
Tumbling motility

Answer 16

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 17

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Motile
Heat stable staphylococcal-like enterotoxin

Answer 17

Emetic form of Bacillus cereus
(Implicated food: rice
Incubation period:

Question 18

Spore-forming gram positive rods
Aerobic, motile
Heat-labile cholera-like enterotoxin

Answer 18

Diarrheal form of Bacillus cereus
(Implicated food: meat and vegetables
Incubation period: >6 hours, ~9 hours 
Sx: diarrhea
Duration: 20-36 hours 
Enterotoxin: heat labile)

Question 19

Triad of Botulism

Answer 19

1. Symmetric descending Flaccid paralysis (with prominent bulbar involvement)
2. Absence of fever
3. Intact sensorium

Question 20

Pseudomembranous pharyngitis

Answer 20

Diphtheria

Question 21

Pseudomembranous esophagitis

Answer 21

Candidiasis

Question 22

Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 22

C. difficile

Question 23

Gas gangrene

Answer 23

Clostridium perfringes

Question 24

Beta-prophage-encoded toxins

Answer 24

ShigA-like toxin (EHEC)
Botulinum toxin
Cholera toxin
Diphtheria toxin
Erythrogenic toxin (S. pyogenes)

Question 25

Gram negative diplococci Encapsulated Ferments Maltose and glucose

Answer 25

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 26

Gram negative diplococci Insignificant capsule Ferments glucose only

Answer 26

Neisseria gonorrhea

Question 27

HACEK Organisms

Answer 27

``` Haemophilus aphrophilus Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Cardiobacterium hominis Eikenella corrodens Kingella kingae ```

Question 28

Gram negative rods Polyribitol phosphate capsule Enriched chocolate agar

Answer 28

Haemophilus influenzae type B

Question 29

Gram negative rods | Whooping cough

Answer 29

Bordetella Pertussis | Bordet-Gengou agar

Question 30

Gram negative rods Air conditioning Poorly gram staining

Answer 30

``` Legionella pneumophila (silver stain, charcoal yeast agar) ```

Question 31

Haemophilus influenzae causes:

Answer 31

Epiglottitis Meningitis Otitis media Pneumonia

Question 32

Facilitating intracellular bacteria

Answer 32

``` Salmonella Brucella Mycobacterium Listeria Francisella Legionella Yersinia ```

Question 33

Atypical Pneumonia causative organism

Answer 33

1. Mycoplasma pneumoniae 2. Legionella pneumoniae 3. Chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 34

Gram negative rods Lactose fermenter Green sheen on EMB

Answer 34

Escherichia coli

Question 35

Gram negative rods Lactose fermenter Urease positive ESBL

Answer 35

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 36

Gram negative rods Comma-shaped, motile Oxidase positive Shooting star motility on TSBS

Answer 36

Vibrio cholerae

Question 37

Gram negative rods Comma-shaped, microaerophilic Skirrow's agar

Answer 37

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 38

Gram negative rods Comma-shaped Urease positive Skirrow's agar

Answer 38

Heliobacter pylori

Question 39

Non-lactose, fermenting, gram-negative rods Motile Oxidase Negative H2S producer

Answer 39

Salmonella spp.

Question 40

Non-lactose, fermenting, gram-negative rods Non-motile Oxidase Does NOT produce H2S

Answer 40

Shigella spp.

Question 41

``` Non-lactose, fermenting, gram-negative rods Oxidase Negative H2S producer Urease + Swarming motility ```

Answer 41

Proteus mirabilis

Question 42

Non-lactose, fermenting, gram-negative rods Oxidase positive H2S non producer Obligate aerobe

Answer 42

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 43

Lactose fermenters

Answer 43

Citrobacter Klebsiella E. Coli Enterobacter (grow in McConkey agar)

Question 44

Causes of neonatal Meningitis

Answer 44

Group B streptococcus (S. Agalactiae) E. coli L. monocytogenes

Question 45

Gram positive cocci in clusters Catalase positive Coagulase positive

Answer 45

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 46

Positive PYR test

Answer 46

Streptococcus pyogenes | Group D streptococcus