Bacteria

Question 1

Bubonic plague

Gram -ve, rod-shaped, coccobacillus, facultive anaerobe

Answer 1

Yersinia Pestis

Question 2

Cat-scratch disease

Gram -ve, proteobacterium

Answer 2

Bartonella Henselae

Question 3

Unpasteurised milk, undercooked meat
gram -ve, coccobacilli
Eg. Brucella melitensis
Symptoms: lethargy, undulent fever, headache, (lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly)
Mediterranean travel
Medium: Casteneda's

Answer 3

Brucellosis

Question 4

Borrelia
Spirochete phylum
Symptoms: Erythema chronicum migrans

Answer 4

Lyme Disease

Question 5

Unpasteurised milk, undercooked meat
gram -ve, S- shaped
Symptoms: bloody diarrhoea
Complications: Guillain Barre

Answer 5

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 6

Rat-bite fever

Gram -ve

Answer 6

Spirillum minus

Question 7

Meningococcal disease

Symptoms: non-blanching rash, altered consciousness

Answer 7

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 8

Group A Streptococcus
Symptoms: sore throat
Assoc: Rheumatic Fever

Answer 8

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 9

Spirochete
Symptoms: hepatitis, jaundice, conjunctivical infection (conjunctival haemorrhage), renal impairment
Zoonosis
Canoeing

Answer 9

Leptospiriosis

Question 10

Gram +ve, rod

RF: Tanner

Answer 10

Bacillus anthracus

Question 11

Gram +ve
Bull neck
grey membrane on tonsils

Answer 11

Diptheria

Question 12

Gram -ve coccobacilli, encapsulated
Unimmunised
meningitis/sepsis

Answer 12

Haemophillus Influenzae

Question 13

Gram -ve dilococci

meningitis

Answer 13

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 14

Gram -ve diplococcic

Oxidase +ve

Answer 14

Neisseria gonnorrhoeae

Question 15

• ‘cavitating’ chest infection

- UTIs resulting from functional/anatomical abnormality in the urinary tract, sterile pyuria

Answer 15

Tuberculosis

Question 16

UTIs - most common cause in women and catheterised men

0157:H7 (enterohaemorrhagic) - dysentery (traveller’s diarrhoea), HUS

Answer 16

E Coli

Question 17

Gram +ve

UTIs - 2nd most common cause in women

Answer 17

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 18

• ‘building work’

Answer 18

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 19

• immunocompromised
• silver stain
• CXR: bilateral reticulonodular shadowing
• biopsy: foamy eosinophilic material

Answer 19

Pneumocystis

Question 20

• air conditioning system

- hyponatraemia

Answer 20

Legionella

Question 21

Gram -ve

- cystic fibrosis

Answer 21

Burkholderia Capacia

Question 22

Gram +ve coccus in chains
- doesn’t respond to strep antibiotics
- MacConkey plate, aesculin +ve
Ab: Linezolid

Answer 22

Vancomycin- resistant Enterococcus

VRE

Question 23

Gram -ve bacilli
- oxidase -ve, urease -ve
- +ve agglutinin test for enteric pathogen
- self limiting, non-bloody diarrheoa
- eggs, meat, poultry
Diagnosis: stool culture

Answer 23

Salmonella enteridis

Question 24

Gram-ve bacilli

• oxidase +ve
• green pigment
• burns patients (opportunistic)

Answer 24

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 25

Gram -ve coocobacilli | Chancroid

Answer 25

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 26

Cold agglutinin disease | - target shaped lesions on palms of hands

Answer 26

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 27

Birds (carriers) | Pneumonia

Answer 27

Chlamydia psysticcati

Question 28

Typhoid/ enteric fever | - rose spots

Answer 28

Samonella typhi

Question 29

Gram +ve, cocci - grape like clusters, beta haemolytic on blood agar - Skin infections - Pneumonia: often preceded by cold/flu - GI infection: produces enterotoxin (acts as superantigen), heat stable preformed toxin.

Answer 29

Staphylococcus Aureus

Question 30

UTI | - can cause stones (struvite stones)

Answer 30

Proteus

Question 31

Gram -ve, comma shaped TOXIN affects adenyl cyclase > increased CAMP > increased chloride efflux DOES NOT INVADE/DAMAGE gastro epithelium

Answer 31

Vibrio Cholera

Question 32

Gram-ve rod Toxin producing Causes: dysentery (diarrhoea with blood)

Answer 32

Shigella

Question 33

Gram +ve Pseudomembranous colitis Diagnosis: ELISA (identifies toxin A)

Answer 33

C.difficile

Question 34

Gram +ve rod | Leftover rice

Answer 34

Bacillus cerus

Question 35

Non- lactose fermenting, Gram -ve - mesenteric adenitis (multiplication in Peyer's patches) - necrotising granulomas

Answer 35

Yersenia enterocolitis

Question 36

Canned food/ vacuum packaged Beans - students Honey - children Descending paralysis

Answer 36

Clostrdium boltulinum

Question 37

Rx: Isoniazid, rifampicin (6 months), pyrazinamide, ethambol (for first 2 months) Renal - pyuria

Answer 37

TB

Question 38

UTI: always with renal tract functional or anatomical abnormality

Answer 38

Klebsiella

Question 39

Q fever | Zoonosis - looks like atypical pneumonia, no rash

Answer 39

Coxiella burnetti