Bacteria Cell Structures chapter 4 LECTURE 2 Flashcards
PROKARYOTIC Vs. EUKARYOTIC
* Everything is floating around <–> * ____________________________
* DNA in _______________ <–> * DNA in ________________
1) has a membrane bound organelles
2) nucleolus ( floating in the cytoplasm )
3) nucleus
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have
- __________________
- ______
- ____________
1) RNA cytoplasm flagella
2) DNA
3) Ribosomes
The Cell Envelope covers the cell and it includes:
- _________________
- _________________
- _________________
1) Cell Membrane (always)
2) Cell Wall (usually)
3) Glycocalyx (sometimes)
Glycocalyx divided into two layers called:
- ___________
- ___________
1) Capsule
2) Slime layer
Cytoplasmic membrane is also called a _______________
bilipid layer
what are the Functions of the Plasma Membrane?
- Regulate _______/________ of materials
- __________ between Cell/ Environment
- Structure
- Photosynthetic
- ___________ production
1) Entry and Exit
2) Interaction
3) Energy
Hydrophilic means it’s ____________
Hydrophobic means it’s ___________
1) Water loving
2) not water loving
Membrane Transport
THINGS TEND TO MOVE FROM HIGH CONCENTRATION TO LOW CONCENTRATION.
- Fcilitated diffusion- requires a ________________
- Simple diffusion- something _______________________
- Passive transport- ___________ to _____________
- Active transport- ___________ to ______________
1) protein channel and energy
4) that goes straigh thru (Ex. lipid soluable, little charge)
3) high concentration to low concentration
4) low concentration to high concentration (rquires energy)
Osmosis is the ________________________
diffusion of water
Bacterial cell wall is composed of ________________, which is a series of ___________ and __________ connected by _______________.
1) peptidoglycan
2) NAG
3) NAM
4) tetrapetides
Gram + has a ________ layer of peptidoglycan (outside of the plasma mem)
Gram - has a _______ layer of peptidoglycan in addition to outter and inner _____________.
IT ALSO HAS ____________ ( protein channels that move things)
1) Thick
2) Thin
3) lipid layer
4) Corens
Gram neg outer layer has ______________, that contains Lipid A which contains _______________
1) Lipopolysacharide
2) Endotoxin
If we try to destroy it w/ antibiotics, gram negative will release endotoxin.
_______________ are toxins contained in the gram negative cell wall that are released when the cell is destroyed
Endotoxins
Cell Wall = Cell _________
Integrity
what does O-antigen do?
stimulate immune response
0157:H7 is the _________ found in ____________________.
H refers to the type of flaggela
1) Ecoli (has the o-antigen)
2) various of food products
causes severe diariah and possible death
LIST THE EFFECTS OF ENDOTOXIN
- _______________
- Bleeding
- Vasodilation–> ____________–>vessels open–> ______________–> Death
- _____________
- Fever
1) Cogulation throbosis
2) Hypotension
3) low blood pressure
4) Inflamation
bleeding along with the coagolation can lead to ________________
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Gram stain
Gram negative layer desolves w/ the alcohol
Myobacterium is considered an ____________________, that has a _________________
1) Acid fast bacteria ( gram positive, however has a very thin layer of peptidoglycan, thinner than gram - )
2) cell membrane
Myobacterium contains Mycolic Acid on the outside, which is _______________ that makes it hard for ________________ to get thru.
1) A waxy layer
2) Antibiotics
mycobacterium tuberculosis causes ___________________
1) tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae ( also known as Hansen’s coccus spirilly) is a gram-positive bacterium that causes ______________
leprosy
Mycobacterium avium complex is found in _________________
HIV PATIENTS
