Bacteria Classification

Question 1

gram +
encapsulated
releases IgA protease

Answer 1

steptococcus pneumoniae

Question 2

group A Beta-hemolytic strep
gram +
bacitracin sensitive
releases erythrogenic toxin
causes:Scarlet fever, rheumatic heart disease, impetigo

Answer 2

streptococcus pyogenes

Question 3

Group B beta-hemolytic strep
gram +
bacitracin resistant
causes: pneumonia, sepsis, meningitiis in babies

Answer 3

steptococcus agalactiae

Question 4

gram +
catalase/coagulase +
releases super antigen that causes toxic shock syndrome

Answer 4

staphylococcus aureaus

Question 5

gram +cocci
catalse +/ coagulase -
novobiocin sensitive
infects prosthetic devices and catheters

Answer 5

staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 6

gram +
catalse +
novobiocin resistant
affects prostitutes

Answer 6

staphylococcus saphyticus

Question 7

gram +

vaginal vault

Answer 7

lactobacillus species

Question 8

gram + anaerobic
affects newborns and older patients ( over 65yr-causes meningitis
add ampicillin

Answer 8

listeria monocytogenes

Question 9

gram + bacilli
has high lips content in cell wall
requires acid fast stain
affects immunocompromised patients particularly HIV/AIDS pts with CD4 counts <50 cells/mm3

Answer 9

mycobacterium avium complex

Question 10

gram + bacilli
inhibits release of Ach at NMJ
botox 
causes constipation and paralysis
treat with trivalent antitoxin

Answer 10

clostridium botulinum

Question 11

gram + bacilli
exo toxin blocks glycine release from Renshaw cells
give anti-toxin
TDP vaccine

Answer 11

clostridium tetani

Question 12

causes myconecrosis and hemolysis

Answer 12

clostridum perfringens

Question 13

gram +
produces cytotoxin that klills entrerocyte
associated with Clinda/Lincomycin use
treatment: flagyl for mild-mod infection
vanco PO for severe +/- IV flagyl
fidaxomicin

Answer 13

clostridium difficile

Question 14

Ex of gram neg cocci

Answer 14

neisseria meningitidis
neisseria gonorrhea
moraxilla catarrhalis

Question 15

3 causes of meningitis for 60 yr +

Answer 15

step pneumonia
e.coli
listeria monocytogenes

Question 16

3 causes of meningitis for newborns

Answer 16

group B step
e.coli
listeria monocytogenes

Question 17

3 causes of meningitis for children 6months-6 yrs

Answer 17

strep pneumonia
neisseria meningitidis
haemophilus influenza type B

Question 18

3 atypical organism

Answer 18

chlamydia pneumonia
legionella pneumophila
mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 19

Organisms that cause pneumonia in alcoholics

Answer 19

strep. pneumonia
klebsiella pneumonia
staph areus

Question 20

4 ex of encapsulated bacteria

Answer 20

streptococcus pneumonia
neisseria meningitidis
haemophilus influenza
klebsiella

Question 21

aerobic gram -

causes upper/lower reap infection, CAP, otitis media

Answer 21

Haemophilus influenza

Question 22

gram - aerobic
associated with burns, cystic fibrosis, otitis externs, ventilators, hot-tub folliculitis
produces pyocyanin-blue-green color

Answer 22

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 23

gram - aerobic
intracellular
requires silver stain in lab
give macroglydes

Answer 23

legionella pneumophila

Question 24

walking pneumonia is caused by?

**use macrocodes or tetracycline

Answer 24

mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 25

4 causes of cellulitis

Answer 25

staph aureaus staph epidermitis strep pyogenes candida albicans

Question 26

travelers diarrhea

Answer 26

enterotoxigenic e.coli

Question 27

causes HUS | from uncooked beef

Answer 27

e.coli 0157: H7

Question 28

gram - rod transmitted fecal-oral associated with GBS treat with azitromycin

Answer 28

campylobacter jejuni

Question 29

comma-shaped rods causes rice water diarrhea produces enterotoxin that permanently activates Gs treatment: doxycycline or FGs

Answer 29

vitro cholerae

Question 30

enterocolitis in children-daycare causes granulomatous microabscesses-stimulate "acute appendicitis" (pseudo appendicitis) treatment: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Answer 30

yersinia enterocolitica

Question 31

are enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam abx

Answer 31

extended beta-lactamases

Question 32

``` Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bordatella pertussis Legionella pneumophila Haemophilus influenza Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus Serratia marcescens-facultative anaerobe ```

Answer 32

Gram negative bacilli | Aerobic

Question 33

Cellulitis MSSA treated with

Answer 33

Dicloxacillin Nafcillin Cephalexin

Question 34

Treat strep pyogenes cellulitis with

Answer 34

Pcn, cephalexin, erythromycin, Vanco

Question 35

Treatment of vibrio cholerae

Answer 35

Doxycycline or FQs

Question 36

Treatment of yersinia enterocolitica (daycare)

Answer 36

TMP/SMX

Question 37

4 Cause of meningitis in 6yr-60 yrs

Answer 37

N. Meningitidis Enterovirus Strep pneumoniae HSV

Question 38

This bacteria produces extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) that cause resistance to cephs and aztreonam

Answer 38

Klebsiella species Susceptible to carbapenems

Question 39

Mechanism of resistance of MRSA

Answer 39

Produce Pcn binding protein 2A (encoded by mecA gene) that reduces the affinity for beta lactam abx

Question 40

Hospital acquired MRSA are resistant to

Answer 40

``` Macro glides Aminoglycosides FQs Tetracyclines Sulfinamides ```

Question 41

IV Drugs for HA-MRSA

Answer 41

``` Vanco Telavancin Daptomycin Zyvox Quinopristin-dalfopristin Tigercycline Ceftaroline ```

Question 42

Po drugs for mrsa

Answer 42

``` Minocycline Doxycycline TMP/SMX +RIf Clindamycin Zyvox ```

Question 43

IV drugs for multi drug resistant pseudomonas aeroguinosa

Answer 43

``` Amino glycosides Zosyn Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid Ceftrazidime Cefepime Imipenem/cilastatin Meropenem Doripenem Colistin-given via nebulizer ```

Question 44

Po drugs for MDR pseudo aeroguinosa

Answer 44

Norfloxacin Ofloxacin Cipro Levaquin High doses