Bacteria Microbiology Flashcards
(16 cards)
what are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
- cocci (round)
- bacillus (rod shaped)
- spirillum (spiral shaped)
what does the common prefix staphylo- mean?
grape-like clusters
what does the common prefix strepto- mean?
twisted, plant like chainlike cluster
what does the common prefix diplo mean ?
2 by 2
chromosome
singular circular chromosome (sometimes 2 chromosomes), made of DNA
cytoplasm
The liquid portion of the cell; and aqueous solution of inorganic and organic’s with relatively high osmotic pressure is
Ribosomes
The physical site of protein synthesis.
Do prokaryotic cells have mitochondria?
No
Cell membrane
Similar to all other cell membranes; made of phospholipids and proteins; Selectively permeable; respiratory enzymes are found on the inner surface.
Cell wall
Encloses the cell membrane and cytoplasm; strong and often rigid give shape and Protection against osmotic lysis.
How thick is a gram-positive cell wall?
20–80 nm thick, simple, thick peptidoglycan layer
How thick is a gram-negative cell wall?
Approximately 10 Nanometers Vic, complex, thin peptidoglycan layer (1–3 nm)
What is peptidoglycan?
A very large, composed of two sugar derivatives: nag, Nam
Capsule;
Found in some bacterial cells, do you like the structure that surrounds the cell wall; usually made of polysaccharides or polypeptides. This lady is well organized and not easily washed off. Within a species, there may be several are antigenic types based on the chemistry of the capsule. Virulence is increased by the presence of the capsule
Flagella
Whip – like proteinaceous tails that extend through the cell membrane and cell wall and provide motility to the bacteria cell
What are the classifications of flagella
Polar Monotrichous Perititrichous Lophotrichous Amphitrichous
