Bacteria - Name that Bacteria Flashcards by Katherine Scribner

Stain: G-
Features: motile, moist, aerobes, grape like aroma
Route: opportunistic
Virulence: pili, polysac cap, Exotoxin A, Exoenzyme S
Disease: Septicemia, endocarditis, UTI, GE, eye infx

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: shellfish, gulfcoast, non-invasive, grows on alkaline media, oxidase +
Route: water and food
Virulence: Enterotoxin, cAMP hyper secretion, toxin A and B5 subunits
Disease: hypovolemic shock, metabolic acidosis

Vibro cholerae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: halophilic, grows on high salt media, kanagawa hemolysin
Route: oysters, sashimi
Disease: GE, explosive diarrhea

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: increases septicemia, pre-existing liver disease, grows on alkaline media
Route: wounds, oysters
Disease: septicemia, rapidly progressing wound infection

Vibrio vulnificus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: comma shaped, microaerophilic, selective media
Route: animals, milk, meat, water
Disease: bloody, mucoid purulent diarrhea, GI

Campylobacter jejuni

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: S shaped, microaerophilic, selective media
Disease: bacteremic infection

Campylobacter fetus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: strongly curved, microaerophilic, urease producing, non-invasive
Virulence: VacA exotoxin, CagA, PI Type IV → IL8 proliferation
Disease: Gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer

Helicobacter pylori

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: polyribosyl ph capsule, invasive, grows on chocolate agar with Factors V and X
Route: inhalation, lungs → body
Virulence: IgA protease
Disease: obstructed pneumonia, Type B meningitis and sepsis in children
Tx: Ceftriaxone, rifampicin, vaccine

Haemophilus influenza

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: encapsulated, non-invasive, grows on Bordet-Gengou agar
Route: inhalation
Virulence: Decreases ciliary activity through hemagglutinin (attachment), pertussis toxin, increases cAMP, chemokine R, cytotoxin produces NO
Disease: whooping cough, paroxysmal cough
Tx: Erythromycin, heat killed vaccine (TDaP)

Bordatella pertussis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: A/C (prevent by heating water & using Chlorine), grows on charcoal yeast media with Fe and cysteine
Route: inhalation
Virulence: LPS
Disease: atypical community acquired pneumonia
Tx: fluoroquin

Legionella

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: lacks capsule
Route: lymph nodes → liver → spleen → macrophages → granuloma → hepatosplenomegaly
Disease: brucellosis, undulant fever
Tx: rifampin, tetracycline

Brucella melitensis (sheep), abortus (cattle) & suis (pigs)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: rabbit and deer reservoirs
Route: dermocenter tick (transovarian life cycle)
Disease: tularemia, hepatosplenomegaly 
Tx: streptomycin

Fracisella tularensis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: outer capsule, coagulase
Route: zoonotic (fleas and rodents)
Virulence: outer capsule, LPS, exotoxin V, exotoxin W
Disease: bubonic plague, pneumonic plague
Tx: streptomycin, tetracycline, vaccine

Yersinia pestis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: acid fast
Features: tapering tip, extracellular, cold agglutinin, facultative anaerobe, cholesterol membrane, grows in essential agar or broth (fried egg appearance/MULBERRY)
Route: inhalation
Virulence: cytoadhesins; inhibit catalase
Disease: atypical pneumonia, bronchitis, non-productive
Tx: tetracyline for adults, erythromycin

Mycoplasma pneumonia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: acid fast
Features: facultative anaerobe, cholesterol membrane
Disease: PID

Mycoplasma hominis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: acid fast
Features: urease, facultative anaerobe, cholesterol membrane
Disease: urethritis

Mycoplasma urelyticum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: No LPS, bare outer membrane, TrpK, stains on darkfield microscopy using silver strain
Route: STD
Virulence: hyaluronidase
Disease: syphilis (chancre, macular rash, condylomata lata, gummas, neurosyphilis)

Treponema pallidum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: No LPS, wright stain, Giemsa stain
Route: body louse (Africa; person-person transmission), soft tick (US; rodent reservoir)
Virulence: antigenic variation
Disease: relapsing fever (fever - afebrile 3-10x)

Borrelia recurrentis (louse born)
Borrelia hermsii (soft body tick)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: No LPS, ELISA, IFA for Ab, Western blot is definitive
Route: Ixodes (hard tick nymph)
Disease: lyme disease, erythema migrans, arthritis, facial nerve palsy, myocarditis, menigitis

Borrelia burgdorferi

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: disseminates to all organs (especially liver and kidney), biphasic blood and CSF 1 dark field culture and serology
Route: urine from animals (rats, dogs, cattle), pigs through abraded skin
Disease: active leptospiremia then immune phase, impaired liver and kidney, viral meningitis

Leptospira interrogans

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stain: G-
Features: Anaerobic, endogenous, non-motile, non-sporulating, PCN and amino resistant, foul smelling abscesses, gas in tissues, mixed infx
Route: mouth and colon
Virulence: polysac capsule, enterotoxins (PI), BF toxin
Disease: intra-abdomen abscesses, septicemia
Tx: clindamycin

Study These Flashcards

Bacteriodes fragilis

Stain: G-
Features: Anaerobic, enodgenous, black iron pigment when grown in blood agar
Route: mouth
Disease: peridonitis

Study These Flashcards

Poryphyromonas gingivalis

Stain: G-
Features: Anaerobic, enodgenous, black iron pigment when grown in blood agar
Route: mouth and vagina

Study These Flashcards

Prevotella

Stain: G-
Features: Anaerobic, enodgenous, pointed ends
Route: mouth
Disease: ANUG aka trench mouth

Study These Flashcards

Fusobacterium

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic, enodgenous Route: sebaceous sweat glands Disease: acne

Propionilbacteria

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic, enodgenous Route: mouth and colon

Peptostreptococci

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic, exogenous, spore forming, ground glass appearance, grows in frosty glass agar Route: spores enter wounds Virulence: tetanospasmin, convulsive Disease: tetanus, lock jaw, spastic paralysis Tx: neutralize toxin - HTIG

Clostridium tetani

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic, exogenous, spore forming, resist boiling Route: food borne, wounds, infants (honey) Virulence: botulinum toxin, block ach, flaccid paralysis Tx: anti-toxin (heat-labile toxin)

Clostridium botulinum

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic, exogenous, spore forming Route: spores contaminate wound, food poisoning Virulence: gas from fermenting, alpha toxin → necrosis, enterotoxin Disease: gas gangrene, diarrhea, no fever!

Clostridium perfringens

Stain: G+ Features: Anaerobic Virulence: overgrowth, enterotoxin A, cytotoxin B, pseudomembranous plaques Disease: watery diarrhea associated with antibiotics use, toxic megacolon

Clostridium difficile

Stain: G- Features: rods, ferment glucose, oxidase -, reduce nitrate → nitrite Virulence: Lipopolysac capsule, O Ags, H Ags, K Ags, endotoxin in bacterial cell wall → shock

Enterobacteriaceae

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting Disease: extraintestinal infections (UTI, bacteremia/sepsis, neonatal meningitis, abdominal abscess)

Escheria coli

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting Disease: traveler's diarrhea, GE

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting, lesions on mucosa of small intestine Disease: childhood diarrhea

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting, resemble stacked bricks on epithelium Disease: infant diarrhea

Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC)

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting Virulence: verotoxin, Ag type O157: H7 Disease: mild diarrhea or hemorrhagic colitis

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting, prominent capsule, no H antigen, red current jelly sputum Disease: community-acquired lobar pneumonia

Kliebsiella pneumoniae

Stain: G- Features: lactose fermenting, motile, weak opportunistic pathogens, associated with burns Disease: respiratory infections and UTIs

Enterboacter

Stain: G- Features: slow lactose fermenters, motile, some strains produce a red pigment Disease: cause infections in hospital pts w/debilitating disorders

Serratia marcescens

Stain: G- Features: non-lactose fermenting, motile (SWARMING), produce large amounts of urease, raise pH of urine, certain strains agglutinate in pts w/rickettsia

Proteus vulgaris

Route: contaminated meat & milk Disease: enterocolitis in cold climates

Yersinia enterocolitica

Uncommon cause of human disease

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile Virulence: pathogenicity islands, invasiveness of epithelial cells, survival w/n macrophages, serum resistance proteins, lipopolysaccharide, capsule, Vi Ag

Salmonella

Stain: G- Features: non-motile, lactose -, 4 subspecies/serologic groups Route: no animal host, fecal-oral spread Virulence: invasiveness, toxin (w/enterotoxic, cytotoxic and neurotoxic activity) Disease: bacillary dysentery (fever, blood diarrhea w/mucus and pus)

``` Shigella S. dysenteriae (serologic group A; NO MANNITOL FERMENTATION) S. flexneri (serologic group B) S. boydii (serologic group C) S. sonnei (serologic group D) ```

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile, humans are only host Disease: typhoid fever (fever & abdominal problems)

Salmonella typhi

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile, humans are only host Disease: paratyphoid fever (fever & abdominal problems)

Salmonella paratyphi, S. schottmuelleri & S. hirschfeldi

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile Disease: sepsis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis

Salmonella choleraesius & S. dublin

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile Disease: gastroenteritis (NVD for 2 days then spontaneous resolution)

Salmonella enteriditis

Stain: G- Features: Oxidase -, glucose fermenting, motile Disease: none (person excretes bacteria 1 year after infection; gall bladder is reservoir)

Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A & S. paratyphi B

Stain: G- Disease: Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG aka trench mouth)

Borrelia vincentii

Bacteria - Name that Bacteria Flashcards

(50 cards)