bacterial cells Flashcards
(15 cards)
what type of cell is a bacteria?
prokaryotic cell
what are parts of a bacterial cell? (10)
● no membrane bound organelles
● circular DNA
● cell membrane
● cell wall
● slime capsule
● ribosomes (70s)
● cytoplasm
● flagellum
● pilli
● plasmid
what is the order of cell wall, cell membrane and slime capsule?
● 1st - cell membrane
● 2nd - cell wall
● 3rd - slime capsule
are flagella on all bacteria?
no
what is the cell wall made out of?
peptidoglycan (murein)
what does the pilli do?
allows bacteria to pass genes to each other
what does bacteria replicate by?
binary fission
what are the 2 steps of binary fission?
● replicate the circular DNA and plasmids
● split cytoplasm to form 2 daughter cells
are bacterial daughter cells clones?
● no
● although bacterial / circular DNA is identical, plasmids are unevenly distributed
what is the function of the cell wall in bacteria?
physical barrier that protects against mechanical damage
what is the function of the slime capsule in bacteria?
● protects bacteria from other cells
● helps groups of bacteria stick together - for protection
what is the function of the cell membrane in bacteria?
acts as a partially permeable membrane
what is the function of flagellum in bacteria?
● aids movement due to corkscrew shape
● rotating base helps cell spin through fluids
what is the function of circular DNA in bacteria?
genetic information for the replication of bacterial cells
what is the function of plasmids in bacteria?
possesses genes that aid the survival of bacteria
