Bacterial classification

Question 1

Micrococcus G+

Answer 1

harmless, ubiquitous, maybe pigmented

Question 2

Staphylococcus G+

Answer 2

resembles grapes, aerotolerant cocci, resistant to drying out, normal flora, nosocomial infections

Question 3

Staphylococcus G+

Answer 3

Aureus (worst), epidermidis, intermedius, saprophyticus

Question 4

Staphylococcus aureus G+

Answer 4

abscesses with pus (boils, acne, impetigo and carbuncles), pneumonia, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, cystitis, septicemia, pyleonephritis (kidney inflammation)

Question 5

Staphylococcus aureus can produce…

Answer 5

coagulase, leukocidin, hemolysins, enterotoxin

Question 6

MRSA

Answer 6

multi-drug resistant, methicilin resistant (beta lactum class of antibiotics resistance)

Question 7

VRSA

Answer 7

vancomycin resistant, TREATMENT: Linesolid - very harsh, inhibits protein synthesis, elevates liver enzymes, GI updates, abnormally small # of platelets

Question 8

Streptococcus G+

Answer 8

circular translucent to opague colonies, encapsulated, G+

Question 9

Streptococcus classification

Answer 9

Alpha (Partial Destruction)- reduces RBC, incomlete lysis of RBC, olive green around colonies. Beta “Complete Descruction”

Question 10

Streptococcus producing extracellular metabolites

Answer 10

Hemolysins- act on RBCs

Leucocidins- destroy phagocytes

Question 11

Bacillus G+

Answer 11

natural flora, opportunistic pathogen

Question 12

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 12

ANTHRAX, only bacteria whose capsule is composed only of protein- difficult to break down (stable spore and can survive for decades)

Question 13

Bacillus Species

Answer 13

only one responsible for antibiotics being harvested from it, G+

Question 14

Bacillus Cereus

Answer 14

formation of enterotoxin in contaminated food causes food poisoning

Question 15

Bacillus subtilis

Answer 15

produces the antiobiotic “Bacitracin” (cell wall synthesis)

Question 16

Bacillus brevis

Answer 16

organism that is the source of the natural antibiotics “Gramicidin” and “Tyrocidin”

Question 17

Bacillus polymyxa

Answer 17

produces natural antibiotic “Polymyxin B”

Question 18

Clostridium G+

Answer 18

obligate anaerobics, spore former, found in soil, secrete powerful exotoxings, G+

Question 19

Corynebacterium G+

Answer 19

club shaped rods, 1 or both ends swollen, diphtheria, G+

Question 20

Lactobacillus G+

Answer 20

commonly found in yogurt, commercially used for production of sauerkraut, pickles, buttermilk and yogurt, G+

Question 21

Mycobacteria G+

Answer 21

weakly gram positive, mycolic acid found in cell walls, acid-fast stain used, TB and leprosy

Question 22

Spirochetes G-

Answer 22

helical shaped- corkscrew, axial filaments- endoflagella, teponema pallidum- syphillis, borrella burgdorferi- Lyme disease

Question 23

Pseudomonas G-

Answer 23

oppurtunistic pathogens, 1 in 10 nosocomial infections, G-, soap residue and cap liner adhesive growth

Question 24

Legionella G-

Answer 24

common in streams, warm water supply lines in hospitals, water in the cooling towers of AC, ability to survive aquatic amoebae, G-

Question 25

Neisseria G-

Answer 25

always in pairs, non-motile diplocci, gonorrhoeae, meningitis, G-

Question 26

Bordetella G-

Answer 26

mammalian parasite and pathogen, whooping cough, G-

Question 27

Salmonella G-

Answer 27

enteric bacteria, inhabitants of GI tracts of mammals (esp. poultry and cattle), typhoid fever, G-

Question 28

Escherichia G-

Answer 28

enteric bacteria, oppurtunistic pathogen, E. coli- causes UTI, traveler's diarrhea and foodborne diseases, G-

Question 29

Enterobacter G-

Answer 29

enteric, nosocomial, oppurtunistic pathogen, G-

Question 30

Serratia G-

Answer 30

oppurtunistic pathogen, red pigmentation, (catheters, saline irrigation solutions, other supposedly sterile solutions) G-

Question 31

Proteus G-

Answer 31

enteric, swarms- grows in concentric patters, oppurtunistic pathogen, peritrichous (flagella all around) G-

Question 32

Yersinia G-

Answer 32

oppurtunistic pathogen, transmitted via fleas of rats and squirrels, yersinia pestis - bubonic plague, G-

Question 33

Vibrio G-

Answer 33

comma shaped, vibrio cholera, G-

Question 34

Haemophilus G-

Answer 34

requires blood as a nutrient, haemophilus influenza - bacteria meningitis, G-

Question 35

Bacteroides G-

Answer 35

normal flora in mouth and intestines (we have a lot) G-

Question 36

Rickettsias G-

Answer 36

obligate intracellular parasite, causes fevers, using lice, fleas, mites, or ticks as carriers, G-

Question 37

Chlamydias G-

Answer 37

very small, all species are parasites, obligate intracellular parasite, STDs, G-