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5th - OD - Infections > Bacterial Infection - Microbiology > Flashcards

Bacterial Infection - Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of periodontal abscess?

A

Pain
Swelling
Possible: lymphadenopathy, fever
Facial cellulits rare

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2
Q

What expect to see of adjacent teeth in periodontal abscess?

A

Vital teeth

Pre-existing periodontal pockets

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3
Q

Causes of periodontal abscess?

A

Pre-existing pockets becone occluded
Foreign bodies
Trauma periodontium
Secondary infection lateral periodontal cyst

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4
Q

What see radiographically periodontal abscess?

A

Radiolucency on lateral aspect of root

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5
Q

Treatment of periodontal abscess?

A

Drain and debride

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6
Q

What is streptococcal gingivitis?

A

Severe of inflammation w/ marked pain causes by s. pyogenes

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7
Q

What may see before streptococcal gingivits?

A

Tonsilitis

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8
Q

What pt common see streptococcal gingivits in?

A

Compromised - immuno-compromised etc

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9
Q

Complications of streptococcal gingivitis?

A

Fascitiis
Tissue destruction
Nephritis

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10
Q

How tx streptococcal gingivits?

A

Prompt tx w/ penicillin

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11
Q

RF for acute ulcerative gingivitis?

A

Poor OH, smoking, stress

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12
Q

What see is acute ulcerative gingivits?

A

Ulceration
Invasion of tissue
Destruction interdental papilla

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13
Q

What symptoms may pt w/ acute ulcerative gingivitis complain of?

A

Halitosis
Malaise
Lymphadenopathy

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14
Q

What micro-orgnaisms see in gram stain of acute ulcerative gingivitis?

A

Treponema - spiral
Fusobacterium - gram -ve
Prevotella - black-pigment anaerobe

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15
Q

What is Noma?

A

Cancrrum Oris - debilitating infection affecting children 2-6

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16
Q

What is cancrrum oris often preceeded by?

A

ANUG

Infection - viral (measels)/ bacterial (tuberculosis)

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17
Q

Bacterial involvement in Cancrrum oris?

A

F. necrophorum
P. intermedia
T. vincetti
T. denticola

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18
Q

What see oral signs of tuberculosis?

A

Rare to see any signs - may see ulceration on tongue

Delayed healing after XLA - secondary osteomyelitis

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19
Q

What investigations are required if suspect TB?

A

Biopsy - ZN stain
Cultures
Serology

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20
Q

Why use ZN stain?

A

Zhiel Neelson stain specific to mycobacterium tuberculosios

21
Q

What seen ZN stain?

A

Magenta organise w/ blue background

22
Q

What other conditions present similar TB on H&E stain?

A

TB/ oro-facial granulomatitis/ sarcoidosis and chrons

Granulamtous inflamamtion

23
Q

What see histology of TB?

A

Epitheliod granulomas
Histocytes fuse to form multi-nucleated giant cells
Caesation of granulomas

24
Q

Why do granulomas form?

A

Due to slow growing organisms

Form when immune system attempt to wall off substances

25
Q

What see in primary lesions of syphillis?

A

Chancre on lip/tongue
Ulcer, local oedmea
Lymphadenopathy

26
Q

What would smear of primary syphilis show?

A

Spirochaetes

27
Q

What see in secondary syphilis?

A

Snail track ulceration
Skin rash - palm/soles of feet
Lympahdenopathy

28
Q

What see tertiary syphilis?

A

Gumma on palate/ tongue or tonsil

Leukoplakia on dorsum tongue

29
Q

What is gumma?

A

Firm necrotic centre surrounded by inflamed tissue

30
Q

What see in congenital syphilis?

A

Mulberry molars

Hutchinson incisor -crescent moon shaped

31
Q

What symptoms would expect to see in Gonorrhoea?

A

Pain and lymphadenopathy

Variable appearance: ulceration oedema of mucosa

32
Q

What see on stain of gonorrhoea?

A

See neisseria gonorrhoea

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes

33
Q

When does actinomycosis present?

A

External presentation as large bulge under mandible

34
Q

Causative agents of actinomycosis?

A

Actinomyces israeli
A. oris
A. naeslundii

35
Q

When can actinomycosis by secondary to?

A

Trauma e.g broken mandible

36
Q

Tx of actinomycosis?

A

Surgical drain and debride

6-8 weeks ab

37
Q

What see histology actinomycosis?

A

Gram +ve organism
Highly branched and filamentous
Loculus of pus w/ fibrous septa
Walled-off = slow growing

38
Q

What is acute bacterial sialedentitis?

A

Ascending infection - mainly affect the parotid

39
Q

Common cause of acute bacterial sialadenitis?

A

Failure of scretion - sjogrens, gland pathology, drugs

40
Q

How does acute bacterial sialadenitis present?

A

Unilateral, firm, red swelling

Pain, trismus

41
Q

What may see if milk duct in acute bacterial sialadenitis?

A

Pus

42
Q

Microbial cause of bacterial sialadneitis?

A

Oral streptoccoi

Oral anaerobes

43
Q

How tx bacterial sialadentitis?

A

Ab: Amoxicillin/ Flucloxacillin

Follwing resolution: sialography

44
Q

What can cause predisposition to angular chelitis?

A

Haematological deficient: Fe, B12

45
Q

What causes angular chelitis?

A

Fungal disease - candida spp, staph aureus - alone/ mixed

46
Q

How tx angular chelitis?

A

Miconazole/ nystatin

Fusidic acid

47
Q

When is fusidic acid used for angular chelitis?

A

When have mixed infection w/ staph aureus

48
Q

What is staph aureus not sensitive to?

A

Nystain

49
Q

What will tx staph aureus in angular chelitis?

A

Miconazole

Fusidic acid

5th - OD - Infections (5 decks)

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