BACTERIOLOGY Flashcards
(186 cards)
1
Q
Friedlander’s Bacillus
A
Klebsiella pneumoniae
2
Q
Eberth’s bacillus
A
Salmonella typhi
3
Q
Garter’s bacillus
A
Salmonella enteritidis
4
Q
Aka Ritter’s Disease
A
Scalded Skin Syndrome
5
Q
Causes Bacterial Endocarditis
A
S. epidermidis
6
Q
Most common cause of UTI in young, sexually active females
A
S. saprophyticus
7
Q
Most common cause of UTI
A
E. coli
8
Q
Most common cause of bacterial food poisoning in the US
A
Staphylococcus aureus
9
Q
Diagnostic test used in scarlet fever caused by GAS
A
Schultz-Charlton test
10
Q
Susceptibility test used in scarlet fever caused by GAS
A
Dick’s test
11
Q
Most serious sequela of S. pyogenes.
Presence of aschoff bodies
A
Rheumatic heart fever
12
Q
Occurs after a cutaneous or pharyngeal infection.
Presence of dysmorphic rbc’s
A
Acute glomerulonephritis
13
Q
Causes neonatal meningitis
Mastitis in cattle
A
GBS
14
Q
Wide zone of b-hemolysis
A
S. pyogenes
15
Q
Narrow zone of b-hemolysis
A
S. agalactiae
16
Q
Arrowhead-shaped zone of enhanced hemolysis at the juncture of the two organisms (CAMP test)
A
GBS (S. agalactiae)
17
Q
Block/Rectangular shaped zone of enhanced hemolysis (Shovel head)
A
L. monocytogenes
18
Q
Bow tie zone of enhanced hemolysis (Reverse CAMP)
A
C. perfringens
19
Q
Causes lobar pneumonia
A
S. pneumoniae
20
Q
Most common cause of bacterial meningitis in ADULTS
A
S. pneumoniae
21
Q
Coin with a raise rim appearance
A
S. pneumoniae
22
Q
Causes Subacute bacterial endocarditis from individuals with damaged or prosthetic heart valves
A
Viridans streptococci
23
Q
Tooth decay & Gingivitis
A
S. mutans
24
Q
Meaning “flow of seed”
A
N. gonorrhoeae
25
Cause of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
N. gonorrhoeae
26
Appearance of violin string adhesions of the peritoneum to the liver
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
27
Added to the blood culture media to neutralize the effect of SPS against N. gonorrhoeae
Gelatin
28
#1 cause of STD
Chlamydia trachomatis
29
#2 cause of STD
N. gonorrheae
30
Causes WATERHOUSE-FRIEDRICHSEN SYNDROME
N. meningitidis
31
Third most common cause of acute otitis media (middle ear infection)
Moraxella catarrhalis
32
#1 most common cause of acute otitis media (middle ear infection)
S. pneumoniae
33
#2 most common cause of acute otitis media (middle ear infection)
H. influenzae
34
Hockey puck appearance and older colonies may give a “wagon-wheel”
M. catarrhalis
35
Dry, claylike consistency on SBA
N. elongata
36
Most common cause of UTI’s in humans
Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC)
37
The most common cause of a diarrheal disease sometimes referred to as TRAVELER’s diarrhea.
Weanling diarrhea
Delhi belly
Turista
ETEC
38
Infantile diarrhea
No toxin produced
Stool: Watery diarrhea with large amount of mucus but no apparent blood.
EPEC
39
Produce dysentery
Diarrheal illness is very similar to that produced by Shigella spp.
Stool: Minimal amounts of stool with BLOOD and MUCUS WITH LEUKOCYTES
EIEC
40
Shiga toxin-producing E. colo (STEC)/ Verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC)
Stool: Watery and bloody diarrhea W/OUT LEUKOCYTES
EHEC
41
Diarrheal syndromes and UTIs
Adhere to HEp2 cells, packed in an aggregative “stacked-brick pattern”
EAEC or EAggEC
42
Causes gastroenteritis/enterocolitis and enteric fevers
Salmonella
43
The most common manifestation of salmonellosis
Gastroenteritis/Enterocolitis
44
The most severe form of enteric fever
Typhoid fever
45
Rose spots
Pea soup stool
S. typhi
46
Currant jelly-like sputum
K. pneumoniae
47
Rusty sputum
S. pneumoniae
48
The only shigella that is positive for ODC and ONPG
S. sonnei
49
MUG negative
E. coli O157:H7
50
Emits dirty, musty odor like that of potatoes
Serratia odorifera
51
Resembles E. cloacae but can be differentiated by its YELLOW PIGMENT, WHICH INTENSIFIES at 25C
Enterobacter sakazakii
52
The only species of citrobacter that is H2S(+)
C. freundii
53
Source of OX-2 and OX-19
P. vulgaris
54
Source of OX-K
P. mirabilis
55
STALACTITE PATTERN appearance on broth culture.
Rough, cauliflower appearance at 48 hours on BAP
Y. pestis
56
Indole test detects what enzyme?
Tryptophanase
57
Indole test reagent
PDAB
58
An indole test preferred for Anaerobes?
Ehrlich
59
An indole test preferred for Enterobacteria
Kovac
60
Principle: Mixed acid fermentation pathway
Medium: Clark and Lubs medium
Methyl Red test
61
Principle: Butylene glycol pathway
Detects: ACETOIN
Positive: RED
Reagents: a-napthol, 40% KOH
Voges Proskauer
62
Positive and negative result in Citrate test
Positive: BLUE
Negative: GREEN
63
Entrobacter spp. which is LDC and ODC positive
E. aerogenes
64
At which pH does the Methyl Red test becomes positive
4.5
Below 4.4 methyl red becomes RED
65
Phenol red test becomes positive at pH?
6.8
66
Putrescine is an alkaline amine product of what bacterial enzyme?
Ornithine decarboxylase
67
Cadaverine is an alkaline amine product of what enzyme?
Lysine decarboxylase
68
Citrulline is an alkaline amine product of what bacterial enzyme?
Arginine decarboxylase
69
Malonate test used to differentiate which members of Enterobacteriaciae?
Salmonella subgroups 2,3 (former Arizona)
70
Causes clear stool
Vibrio cholerae
71
Shooting star motility
Vibrio spp. except V. metschnikovii
72
Kommabacillus
Rice watery stool
String test positive (0.5% sodium desoxycholate)
Pfeiffer’s phenomenon
V. cholera
73
Uses 2% sodium desoxycholate (bile solubility test)
S. pneumoniae
74
Enrichment medium for V. cholerae
Alkaline peptone water (pH 8.4)
75
Selective media for V. cholera
TCBS
76
Halophilic and sucrose fermenter
Yellow on TCBS
Vibrio alginolyticus
77
Halophilic and non-sucrose fermenter
Green on TCBS
exhibits KANAGAWA phenomenon (wagatsuma agar)
V. parahaemolyticus
78
Non-halophilic
Non-sucrose fermenter (GREEN on TCBS)
V. mimicus
79
A characteristics that separates Vibrio spp. from the Enterobacteriaceae
Oxidase +
80
Causes red leg disease in frogs
Bull’s eye colonies on CIN
A. hydrophila (water loving)
81
The only OXIDASE positive member of family Enterobacteriaceae
Triple positive: LDC, ODC, ADH
Plesiomonas
82
The most common cause of BACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS worldwide
Associated with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (ascending paralysis)
Campylobacter jejuni
83
-Gram (-), curved, S-shaped or gull-winged.
-MICROAEROPHILIC
-Grows at 42C
-CPOP
-Darting motility/Single polar flagella
Skirrow’s medium, Butzler’s selective medium, Blaser’s medium
C. jejuni
84
Most commonly used nonculture method for the diagnosis of H. pylori
Urea Breath Test
85
Resistant to O/129, cannot grow in 6% NaCl broth
Aeromonas hydrophila
86
-Leading cause of nosocomial respiratory tract infections.
- Agent of ecthyma gangrenosum
-Agent of Whirlpool dermatitis / "Jacuzzi" Hot Tub Syndrome / Businessman's syndrome
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
87
Agent of swimmer’s ears (mild otitis externa)
Agent of the blue green pus
Keratitis associated with contaminated contact lens solution
Odor: grape like
Culture (centrimide agar) Serrated confluent growth
P.aeruginosa
88
Mucoid colonies seen in cystic fibrosis patients. (Gun-metal color)
P.aeruginosa
89
IMViC result of P. aeruginosa
- - - +
90
#2 complication of cystic fibrosis
Earthy odor/dirt-like odor on bap
Onion bulb rot in plants
Foot rot in humans
Burkholderia cepacia
91
A respiratory tract zoonosis primarily affecting livestock such as horses, mules and donkeys.
Non-motile
Glanders disease
92
Glanders disease is caused by?
Burkholderia mallei
93
Cause of melioidosis
B. pseudomallei
94
Aka Vietnamese time bomb/ Whitmore’s bacillus.
Bipolar staining on Gram stained smear
B. pseudomallei
95
Fruity odor resembling apple or strawberries.
CPOP
Asaccharolytic
Alkaligenes faecalis
96
Pigment us VIOLACEIN
CPOP
Ammonium cyanide odor in SBA/BAP
Chromobacterium violaceum
97
Weak positive under glucose OF open tube test
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
98
A nonfermenter recovered from eye wound is oxidase positive, motile with polar monotrichous flagella and grows @ 42C. Colonies are dry, wrinkled or smooth, buff to light brown color and are difficult to remove from the agar.
Pseudomonas stutzeri
99
Dew drop colonies on staphylococcal streak.
#2 cause of Otitis media
Associated with epiglottitis
Haemophilus influenzae/Pfeiffer’s bacillus
100
Most invasive serologic group of Haemophilus?
H. influenzae tybe b (Hib)
101
Chancroid/Soft chancre
Gram stain: School of fish/railroad tracks/finger print appearance
H. ducreyi
102
HOCKEY PUCK
M. catarrhalis
H. ducreyi
103
Pink eye and Brazilian purpuric fever
Haemophilus aegyptius/Koch weeks bacillus
104
The only X-factor requiring Haemophilus
H. ducreyi
105
A soft chancre caused by H. ducreyi (painfull)
Chancroid
106
Indurated or rubbery caused of T. pallidum (painless)
Chancre
107
Cat bite fever
Etiologic agent of shipping fever (cattles)
Pasteurella
108
Culture media: Castaneda (biphasic medium)
B. abortus
109
Biologic agent of tularemia (fever)
Rabbit fever
Francisella tularensis
110
Culture media: Regan-Lowe Agar/Charcoal, cephalexin blood agar (CCBA)
Bordetella pertussis
111
Mercury droplets/aluminum paint/ Pearls
B. pertussis
112
Inhabits the respiratory tract of dogs (kennel cough)
Bordetella bronchiseptica
113
Requires L-cysteine for growth
Legionella
114
Febrile disease with pneumonia
Legionnaires’ disease
115
Febrile disease without pulmonary involvement
Pontiac fever
116
Cultured in BCYE
Colonies: Ground glass appearance (central), pink or light blue (periphery)
Mahon: Ground glass
Bailey: Outglass
Legionella
117
Specimen used for Legionella isolation?
Bronchial washing
118
Etiologic agent of Legionnaires’ Disease and Pontic fever
L. pneumophilia
119
Agent of Pittsburg pneumonia
L. micdadei
120
Agents of atypical pneumonia/ Walking pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumonia
L. pneumophilia
121
Agent of rat bite fever
Streptobacillus moniliformis
122
Rat bite fever/ SODOKU
Spirillum minus
123
Anaerobic bacteria associated with inflammatory process in acne
Bifidobacterium
124
Microorganism will grow only on culture media supplemented with either cysteine or cystine
Francisella tularensis
125
Erythromycin eye drops are routinely administered to infants to prevent
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
126
Aka Kleb Loeffler’s bacillus
CPOP
Pseudomembrane in the throat
Bull’s neck
Club shaped
Chinese letter, palisades
Metachromatic granules/Volutin granules/Babe-Ernst granules
Non-motile
Corynebacterium diphteria
127
Loeffler’s serum slant: POACHED EGG colonies
Cystine-tellurite blood agar (CTBA)
Skin test: Schick test (+): ERYTHEMA
In vivo: Guinea pig inoculation (+): Death
In vitro: Elek’s test (+): precipitin line
C. diphtheria
128
In tinsdale agar: black colonies with brown HALO indicates:
C. diphtheria
C. ulcerans
C. pseudo-tuberculosis
129
Test: Arrow head zone of ENHANCED hemolysis
CAMP
130
Arrowhead zone of NO hemolysis
Reverse CAMP
131
Nonmotile at 37C; motile at 25C
L. monocytogenes
Y. enterocolitca
132
CAMP +
Rectangular/Block shaped zone of hemolysis
End over end motility
“Umbrella” pattern (seen only at RT)
Culture media: McBride Agar
Pathogenicity test: Anton test
L. monocytogenes
133
Agent of purulent conjunctivitis or conjuctiva of rabbit
L. monocytogenes
134
Non-motile bacilli
CNON
TEST TUBE BRUSH-like or PIPE CLEANER
Erisipelothrix rhusiopathiae
135
Cause of erysipeloid/diamond cut
This organisms usually are inoculated through work activities (seal finger and whale finger)
E. rhusiopathiae
136
The only catalase negative, gram positive non spore forming rod that produces H2S
E. rhusiopathiae
137
Most prominent nocardia spp. human pathogen
N. asteroids
138
Causes cutaneous infections (actinomycotic mycetomas)
N. brasiliensis
139
Mycetomas caused by bacteria are called
Actinomycotic mycetomas
140
Mycetomas caused by fungi are known as
Eumycotic mycetomas
141
Lumpy jaw actinomycoses
Colony appear as “Molar tooth”
Actinomyces israelii
142
Catalase +
Spore form under aerobic conditions
Non-swollen sporangia
Bacillus
143
Catalase -
Spore form under anaerobic conditions
Swollen sporangia
Clostridium
144
Oval spores: Non-swollen, centrally located
Non-motile
Spore: Calcium dipicolinate
Capsule: Polypeptide (D-glutamic)
B. anthracis
145
Medusa Head
Comma shaped
Curled hair
Beaten egg white appearance
String of pearls
Inverted fir tree
B. anthracis
146
Most common biological indicator
Most common laboratory contaminant
Bacillus subtilis/Hay bacillus
147
Common cause of necrotizing fasciitis
C. perfringens
148
Lecithinase +
Reverse CAMP +
Nagler plate
Litmus milk: Stormy clot fermentation
C. perfringens
149
Snow shoe
Flaccid paralysis
C. botulinum
150
Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis
Culture in CCFA (Horse barn odor and Yellow green fluorescence)
Clostridioides difficile
151
Virus: Adult gastroententeritis
Norwalk-like virus
152
Infants and young gastroenteritis
Rotavirus
153
Eosinophilic material seen in Sporotrichosis
Asteroid bodies
154
Brown black structures pathognomonic for chromoblastomycosis
Schlerotic bodies
155
A unicellular or multicellular spore that is not enclosed in a sac
Conidiospore
156
Candida spp exhibits spider or sagebrush colonies
C. parapsilosis
157
Sedimentation technique best used for the recovery of Trichinella spiralis
Acid-ether sedimentation
158
A member of subphylum Sarcodina characterized of having a large spherical karyosome surrounded by periendosome
Iodamoeba
159
Caused flask-shaped or tear-drop shaped ulcerations
E. histolytica
160
Parasite concomitant with Pinworm infection
D. fragilis
161
Lemon shaped cyst with a nipple shaped anterior
C. mesnili
162
Diagnostic stage of Leismania
Promastigote
163
This parasite takes up hogs as a reservoir host
Balantidum coli
164
This parasite causes a characteristic “wide mouth and rounded base”ulceration
B. coli
165
It is the actively dividing forms parasite by multiple fission
Schizont
166
Test used for the detection of toxoplasmosis
Sabin-Feldman dye test
167
What parasite causes Oxyuriasis
Enterobius vermicularis
168
The only gram positive bacteria with endotoxin
L. monocytogenes
169
Definitive host of malarial parasites
Vector: Mosquito (female anopheles)
170
Intermediate host of malarial parasites?
Man
171
What is the infective stage the IH of malarial parasites
Sporozoites
172
What is the infective stage to the definitive host of malarial parasites?
Gametocyte
173
Diagnostic stage to the intermediate host of malarial parasites
Gametocytes
174
Infective stage of protozoan parasites
Cyst
175
Infective stage of T. vaginalis
Trophozoite
176
Infective stage of plasmodium
Sporozoite
177
Infective stage of trypanosoma
Trypomastigote
178
Infective stage of Leishmania
Promastigote
179
Nematodes
Infective stage is Embryonated Egg
A. lumbricoides
T. trichuria
H. nana
E. vermicularis
Capillaria hepatica
180
Nematodes
Infective stage is LARVA
T. spiralis
C. philippinensis
181
Infective stage for S. stercoralis and Hookworm spp.
Filariform larva
182
Infective stage for Filaria
3rd stage larva
183
Schistosoma infective stage
Cercaria
184
Trematodes
Infective stage is Metacercaria
E. ilocanum
P. westermani
F. hepatica
F. buski
C. sinensis
O. felineus
Hetrophyids
185
The first larval stage of a trematode which is hatched from an egg often ciliated and free-swimming is known as:
Miracidium
186
Tooth brush like conidiosphores
Acremonium
