BANDURA

Question 1

AIM?

Research method?

Research design?

Answer 1

1. see if learning that looks place in one situation could be generalised to another.
2. lab experiment
3. matched pairs design

Question 2

IV?

DV?

Answer 2

1. • whether the child was exposed to aggressive or non-aggressive model.
   • gender of model.
   • gender of child.
2. • physical aggression
   • verbal aggression
   • partial imitation
   • non imitated aggression
   • non aggressive play

Question 3

Sample?

Sampling method?

Answer 3

1. 72 children (36F/36M)
2. opportunity

Question 4

Procedure?

Answer 4

PHASE 1 - modelling
- aggressive model
- non-aggressive model
- control (stage 1)

PHASE 2 - aggression arousal
- children left because they weren’t allowed to play with the toys.

PHASE 3 - test for delayed imitation
- observed behind a 2-way mirror for 240 seconds ‘5 second’ interval for aggressive behaviour.

Question 5

Conclusion?

What were the 2 main imitations of behaviour including examples?

Answer 5

1. the children were more likely to portray aggressive behaviour with the same sex model.
   - boys were more likely to show aggression to girls.
2. • physical aggression (hitting/kicking/punching)
     - verbal aggression - “sock him in the nose”.

Question 6

EVALUATION

Research method (lab) +/-
Data (both) +

Answer 6

Research - lab
+ = high validity (internal) - standardised procedures (same behaviour from model).
- = artificial setting reduced validity (demand characteristics)

DATA - both
+ = easy to view and + compare results, qual is rich in detail.

Question 7

EVALUATION

Validity +/-
Reliability +/-

Answer 7

VALIDITY
+ = face validity (sets out to measure aggression + does).
- = lacked ecological validity - artificial setting - demand characteristics.

RELIABILITY
+ = high internal validity - lab - high levels of control

Question 8

EVALUATION

SAMPLE +/-

Sampling method - opportunity +/-

Answer 8

SAMPLE:
+ = good sized sample (72)
- = sample bias (all from Stanford uni- white/m.c.)

OPPORTUNITY SAMPLING
+ = convenient & quick
- = lacks of representativeness (only children)

Question 9

EVALUATION

Ethnocentrism?
Real life application?
Ethics?

Answer 9

1. No diversity - white m.c.
2. Children will imitate behaviour observed (childhood)
3. Psychological harm (children distressed)
   May create agressive children.
   Possible psych harm
   + informed consent (nursery)
   + confidentiality