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Baroque > Baroque Midterm > Flashcards

Baroque Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Alessandro Striggio

A

Librettist for L’Orfeo

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2
Q

Emilio de’ Cavalieri

A

Invented recitative

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3
Q

Giovanni de’ Bardi

A

His palace was used for the Florentine Camerata

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4
Q

Claudio Monteverdi

A

Wrote L’Orfeo

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5
Q

Ottavio Rinuccini

A

The Librettist for L’Euridice

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6
Q

Jacopo Peri

A

Peri and Caccini both wrote versions

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7
Q

Giulio Caccini

A

Both he and Peri wrote music for L’Euridice

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8
Q

Giacomo Carissimi

A

Principal master of Latin Oratorio: Composed Jephte

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9
Q

Heinrich Schutz

A

introduced mf, mp, wrote a passion, Christian’s Oratorio, the Seven Last Words

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10
Q

Girolamo Frescobaldi

A

Virtuoso organist 1608: he takes the biggest job in St. Peters in Rome

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11
Q

Alessandro Scarlatti

A

Specialist in opera, composed approximately 80 operas, 600 cantatas

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12
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lully

A

Italian musician came to Paris. Member of Louis XIV’s string orchestra. Composed intrumental music, overtures for French court ballets. Adopted the Italian recitative to French poetry. Established the French Overture: 1) homophonic, slow 2) imitative and fast. 24 violin orchestra.

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13
Q

Henry Purcell

A

English composer set the English language very well. Organist of Westminster Abbey. Wrote cantatas, sonatas, keyboard, music for 49 plays. Wrote Dido and Aeneas for a girls boarding school.

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14
Q

Dietrich Buxtechude

A

Wrote variations on Wachet auf in which each stanza serves in turn as the basis for elaboration by voices/instruments. Composed much of church music for the Abendmusicken, public concerts following the afternoon church services of Lubeck.

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15
Q

Arp Schnitger

A

German Organ Maker

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16
Q

Andreas & Gottfried Silbermann

A

One of the German organ makers. A lot more pedalboard.

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17
Q

Francois Couperin

A

French composer ornamentation, because it’s in binary (two halves, both repeated) form. published 27 groups of clavecin pieces admired Lully and Corelli. Decorative Harpsichord Piece

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18
Q

Johann Jakob Froberger

A

Carried the french style to Germany. He established the allemande, courante, sarabande and gigue. Wrote lament on death of Ferdinand III in a style Brise-imitating lute music on harpsichord.

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19
Q

Johann Kuhnau

A

Wrote 6 biblical sonatas in Leipzig, Cantatas, Predecssor to Bach.

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20
Q

Niccolo Amati

A

1st violin maker

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21
Q

Antonio Stradivari

A

Made 1100 instruments in Cremona

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22
Q

Arcangelo Corelli

A

One of the first composers to publish on Opi. Sequencing, only wrote instrumental and violin/orchestra

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23
Q

Johann Joseph Fux

A

Wrote textbook on counterpoint

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24
Q

Antonio Vivaldi

A

Venitian Catholic Priest, Red Priest, All girl orchestra Ospedale della Pieta, wrote 50 operas, 20 in tact. Ritornello- return. Master of the Italian Concerto of late Baroque.

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25
Q

Jean-Phillippe Rameau

A

Based theory of harmony on overtone series, a chord is identical in inversions

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26
Q

Bartolomeo Cristofori

A

He invented the piano-forte.

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27
Q

Alexandre de la Poupliniere

A

Rameau’s patron. Rameau taught Poupli’s wife piano.

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28
Q

Johann Sebastian Bach

A

Wrote Goldberg Variations, 20 dance suites, 6 French suites, 6 partitas, 6 English Suites, The Art of Fugue, Organ, App 200 choral preludes, app. 70 other works, 6 trio sontatas, 3 violin sonatas, 6 Brandonberg Concerti, B minor mass and two passions.

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29
Q

Wolfgang Schmieder

A

wrote the BWV the bach catalogue

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30
Q

George Frideric Handel

A

Dance suites, watermusik, fireworks music, Messiah, Israel in Egypt, Hammerstroke, less than Bach

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31
Q

Georg Philipp Telemann

A

30 operas, 12 cantata cycles, 46 passions, incredibly prolific, friend of Bach.

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32
Q

1600-1750

A

The…

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33
Q

1600

A

Emilio de Cavalieri produced sacred musical play: Representation of Body and Mind in Rome, longest musical stage work. L’Euridice

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34
Q

1607

A

Monteverdi’s L’Orfeo produced in Mantua. Poet Alessandro Striggio and Monteverdi combined talents. Full orchestra, included toccatas and several ritornellos

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35
Q

1685

A

3 people born: Bach, Handel, Scarlatti

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36
Q

1685-1750

A

Bach’s Life

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37
Q

1722

A

WTC, treatise on Harmony Rameau

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38
Q

Firenze

A

Florence, Camerata, invention of Opera. Frescobaldi in Florence.

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39
Q

Mantua

A

Monteverdi composed L’Orfeo in 1607

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40
Q

Napoli

A

Naples. Where Alessandro Scarlatti was active. Domenico was born there.

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41
Q

Venezia: Venice:

A

Monteverdi was there from 1613-1643

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42
Q

Leipzig

A

where kuhnau and Bach were active

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43
Q

Lubeck

A

Where Buxtehude composed much of his church music for the Abendmusicken public concerts. Bach walked 100 miles. Ugly Daughter!

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44
Q

Roma

A

St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome

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45
Q

Cremona

A

Violins and Monteverdi

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46
Q

Gradus ad Parnassum

A

The book by Fux

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47
Q

Dafne-Peri

A

The very first opera written in 1518

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48
Q

L’Euridice

A

Jacobo Peri set music to Euridce by Rinuccini publically performed at marriage of Henry IV france and Maria de Medici.

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49
Q

Le Nuove Musiche

A

The new music included trills, embellishments. Caccini wrote first important collection of monodies

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50
Q

Vespers

A

Concerto for few voices. Monteverdi’s incorporated psalm tones, recitatives.

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51
Q

Jephtha

A

Carissmi’s oratorio. Handel’s Oratorio Jephatha vows if the lord gives him victory in the impending battle, he will sacrifice whatever first comes out to greet him. His daughter does, so he sacrifices her.

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52
Q

Kleine Geistliche Konzerte

A

Little Sacred Concertos; Schutz motets for 5 solo voices with organ accompaniment (Saul’s conversion)

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53
Q

Seven Last Words

A

dot dot dot

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54
Q

Dido & Aeneas

A

Henry Purcell’s opera

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55
Q

Coronation Anthems

A

Henry Purcell wrote coronation anthems, 4 for George II’s coronation.

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56
Q

L’art de toucher le clavecin

A

How to play the harpsichord

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57
Q

Christmas Concerto

A

Written by Corelli: has a Siciliano

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58
Q

Gloria

A

The song of the Angels at the Birth of Christ: Many wrote settings of this: Vivaldi Gloria in D.

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59
Q

The Four Seasons

A

Yep

60
Q

Treatise on Harmony

A

Yep

61
Q

Well-Tempered Clavier

A

Collection of preludes and fugues for keyboard

62
Q

Bibilical Sonatas

A

Kuhnau, sonatas based on OT subjections: Saul’s conversion, Gideon,

63
Q

Goldberg variations

A

…

64
Q

Brandenburg Concerti

A

Bach wrote 6 concerti

65
Q

St. Matthew & St. John Passions

A

St. Matthew performed more than St. John. Neumeister, a poet, introduced sacred poetry for music called Cantatas.

66
Q

Mass in B

A

…

67
Q

Water Music

A

…

68
Q

Royal Fireworks Music

A

…

69
Q

Messiah

A

Handel

70
Q

Israel in Egypt

A

Handel

71
Q

Giulio Cesare

A

Julius Caesar opera by Handel

72
Q

Ordres

A

Couperin’s 27 clavecin pieces

73
Q

viola da gamba

A

a bass instrument

74
Q

tablature

A

a method of writing for a chordal instrument

75
Q

Baroque

A

Prima and Seconda practica

76
Q

Affection

A

composers sought ways to arouse the affections- states of the soul- rage, excitement, contemplation

77
Q

Basso continuo

A

Figured bass

78
Q

Figured bass

A

above bass notes keyboard player fills in required chords. if not in root, composer adds figures or numbers

79
Q

thoroughbass

A

Bass continuo. Emphasis on bass and treble line. Bass on lute and harpsichord.

80
Q

Realization

A

actual playing of figured bass. Performer might play simple chords and add melodies

81
Q

Tactus

A

A very gentle beat, a rhythmic articulation

82
Q

Monody

A

style the original opera’s were written in. Solo singing. Includes all times of solo singing, recitative, madrigals, arias, the basso continuo and the concertato medium, applied to sacred texts. 1 person.

83
Q

Intermedi

A

Pastoral, allegorical, or mythological interludes between acts of comedy and tragedy

84
Q

Camerata

A

Girolamo Mei a Florentine scholar hosted an informal academy at his palace in Florence where literature, science, and arts were discussed and new music performed.

85
Q

Madrigal Cycle

A

Represents a series of scenes or moods that weave comic plot in dialogue

86
Q

Pastoral

A

poems about shepherds or similar rural subjects. Fairy tale atmosphere, last stage of madrigal, first stage of opera libretto.

87
Q

Stile rappresentativo

A

representing the motion- answering the why- same style as it is actually performed.

88
Q

Stile recitativo

A

refers to the specific details of the music; speech is the driving action.

89
Q

Abendmusik

A

public concerts including oratorios, recitatives, arias, organ orchestral music. Attracted musicians from all over Germany.

90
Q

Chaconne

A

a dance song with a refrain that follows a simple pattern of guitar chords. Four bar phrase in triple meter

91
Q

Passacaglia

A

…

92
Q

Ground Bass

A

Bass Ostinato

93
Q

Concertato

A

writing out separate parts for voices and intruments

94
Q

concerto

A

Schutz: mingling of voices with instruments. Concerto for Vivaldi- late 1600’s

95
Q

Stile concitato

A

Excited style. Style that suggests action-clash of swords, galloping horse. Monteverdi used this.

96
Q

Cantata

A

Italian: grew out of monodic strophic cariations. Alternated between recitatives and arias. Scarlatti and Rossi wrote these. Rossi was a master of cantatas.

97
Q

Oratorio

A

Unstaged choral work

98
Q

Storicus

A

narrator of mid century oratorio

99
Q

Testo

A

Love

100
Q

Turba

A

chorus acting as the crowd

101
Q

Toccata

A

succession of fugal and non-fugal sections. Tocare- shows off touch.

102
Q

Suite

A

make up large proportion of Baroque keyboard music. 1) French Amorphous 2) German 4 standard dance movements

103
Q

Partita

A

Allemande, courante, sarabande, gigue

104
Q

Ordre

A

Couperin’s term for a dance suite

105
Q

Recitativo secco

A

dry recitative accompanied by bass continuo

106
Q

Recitativo stromentato

A

accompanied by orchestra. used for tense dramatic situations. Burst of strings during a dramatic dialogue.

107
Q

Recitativo accompagnato

A

…

108
Q

French Overture

A

1) Majestic 2) Overdotting, fast portion, imitative

109
Q

Overdotting

A

Perform dotted music as if it’s triple dotted

110
Q

Aria

A

include da capo

111
Q

Ricercare

A

17th century brief serious composition for organ/clavier in which one theme is continuously developed in imitation

112
Q

Fugue

A

replaced the ricercare 17th century. The subject stated in tonic, responded to by dominant.

113
Q

Passion

A

…

114
Q

Temperament

A

all semitones are equal and all intercals. Well tempered clavier

115
Q

Chorale Prelude

A

any choral based organ work

116
Q

Agrement

A

French Ornaments, couperin’s organ music

117
Q

Sonata de chiesa

A

Sonata for church: two violins and bass continuo

118
Q

Sonatas da camera

A

Sonata for Chamber

119
Q

Trio Sonata

A

Two treble melodic parts and bass continuo. Bach wrote one for left hand, right hand, and feet.

120
Q

Sequence

A

a motive at different pitch levels

121
Q

Sicilliano

A

a type of dance

122
Q

Ritornello

A

Refrain: Returning theme: alternates with episodes usually between solo and concertino

123
Q

Episode

A

where the solist gets the focus, ritornelli-focus on orchestra.

124
Q

Concerto grosso

A

Concerto for Orchestra

125
Q

Ripleno

A

stuffing. Doubling of parts of continuos to complete the harmonies

126
Q

concertino

A

same formation as trio in a large group

127
Q

Hammerstroke

A

Handel

128
Q

Libretto

A

…

129
Q

Style brise

A

Broken arpeggiated style of music

130
Q

Hemiola

A

mixed time

131
Q

Oratorio vs. Opera

A

Sacred subject matter with narration, unstaged

132
Q

Development of opera and forerunners

A

…

133
Q

Types of instrumental music

A

…

134
Q

Lent

A

Opera the frivolous thing you must give up

135
Q

12’s

A

how they tended to publish things

136
Q

Rameau on Music Theory

A

His Treatise on Harmony 1722: completed the theoretical formation of the major-minor tonality systems.

137
Q

J.S. Bach vs. Handel

A

…

138
Q

Listening: 1 minute from several different composers. Sacred or secular- stylistic traits: 2 traits and 1 plausible composer

A

…

139
Q

Section 2: Short Answers: Who is this?

A

…

140
Q

Section 3: List of stylistic traits of composers or listof works

A

…

141
Q

Describe Bach or Vivaldi’s style

A

….

142
Q

Baroque

A

…

143
Q

Handel and Bach, Corelli: Study style

A

…

144
Q

Try to think: Are the harmonies organized? Common practice era harmonies? Fewer sequencing?

A

…

145
Q

Da Capo Arias: Handel, Vivaldi, Allessandro Scarlatti, NOT Corelli, no vocals.

A

…

Baroque (2 decks)

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