BASC107A Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
Order of Horse
A
Perissodactyla
2
Q
Grass eater origin of horse
A
Merychippus
3
Q
Dawn horse; 55 million years ago
A
Eohippus
4
Q
What age when horses were domesticated?
A
Bronze Age
4
Q
One toed grazer
A
Pilohippus
5
Q
Distinguishing characterisitics of Merychippus
A
Has large middle toe and grazers
5
Q
Pilohippus has what evolutionary bone?
A
Splint bones
6
Q
Chromosome number of Przewalski Horse
A
66/33 pairs
6
Q
True horse
A
Equus
7
Q
It means odd-toed ungulates
A
Perissodactyla
8
Q
A condition where the middle toe is larger than other toes and the plane of symmetry of the foot passes through it.
A
Mesaxonic
9
Q
Origin place of Wild Ass
A
Africa
10
Q
Origin place of Zebra
A
Asia and Africa
11
Q
What age when horses were used as a food source?
A
Stone Age
12
Q
Heavily built and slower horses were domesticated in ___.
A
Europe
12
Q
Period when horse is first used for labor.
A
2000 BCE
13
Q
Place when horse is first used for labor.
A
Mesopotamia
13
Q
Thoroughbreds were developed from the foundation of these sires.
A
The Byerly Turk, Darley Arabian, and Godolphin Barb
13
Q
Horse breeds were attempted to improve during the ___th Century.
A
17th
14
Q
Period when chariotry has decline
A
700 BC
15
Q
He first brought horses to Mexico.
A
Cortez
16
Q
He first brought horses into the interior of America.
A
De Soto
16
Q
What year Cortez first brought horses in Mexico?
A
1519
17
Q
What year De Soto first brought horses in America?
A
1539
18
Ability of rider to ride correctly
Equitation
19
Has smoky body color (Black and white hairs) has black mane, tail, and dorsal stripe
Grullo
20
Has reddish color and copper red mane and tale; usually has the same color with body, but may be flaxen.
Sorrel
20
Has Gradual lightening of the coat color over time due to presence of Gray Gene
Gray
21
Golden coat with white mane and tail; caused by Cream Dilution Gene.
Palomino
21
Coat color with a diluted yellowish body; has Dorsal Stripe; and usually zebra stripes on legs.
Dun
21
Yellowish/Gold coat with black points resulting from the Cream Dilution gene acting on a bay base color.
Buckskin
22
Often seen in combination with other dilution genes
Cream
22
Reddish Brown body with black points.
Bay
23
Form of dun with yellowish/flesh body color, red mane and tail; zebra stripes on legs.
Red Dun
24
Uniformly black coat without any brown or red tones.
Black
24
Light or pink skin and Blue Eyes, but has slightly darker colored mane, tail, and lower legs.
Perlino
25
Reddish Brown coat color with no black pigment.
Chestnut
26
Has light or pink skin over the body and has white/cream colored hair with Blue eyes.
Cremello
27
Mix of white and red hairs; black mane, tail, and lower legs.
Bay Roan
28
Dark color usually cover one or both flanks; Generally all four legs are white; Has oval shaped spots and Head markings of a solid colored horse
Tobiano
29
Usually white does not cross the back; Generally has dark legs; Has irregular, scattered, and splashy color, and has usually one tail color
Overo
29
Has dark pigment around ears and mouth; Have spots on chest, flank, and base of tail
Tovero
30
Narrow marking extending vertically between forehead and nostrils.
Strip
30
Rare striped pattern and unusual texture in horses that display streaks of dark color over a lighter color.
Brindle
31
Circular Patches of lighter color interspersed within the base coat.
Dapples
31
intermingling of white hairs with base coat color that creates a frosted appearance.
Roan
31
Vertical marking, uniform width extending the length of the face.
Blaze
31
Spotted coat pattern with distinct round or oval spots often on a white base called Blanket.
Appaloosa
31
Small white spots on the body; often seen in thoroughbreds.
Birdcatcher spots
32
Narrow marking above hoof
Coronet
33
White marking between 2 nostrils
Snip
34
A very wide blaze extends through the whole face.
Bald Face
35
Marking on forehead with strip and extends between the nostrils; may be connected
S, S, and S
36
Marking on the forehead with strip
Star and Strip
37
Any marking on the forehead
Star
37
Marking that includes the entire pastern
Pastern
38
Full marking to area of knee that extends to the hock
Stocking
39
Marking that extends from coronet, halfway to the knee
Sock
40
Marking above coronet
Half Pastern
41
Occurs when horses graze a pasture too heavily which prevents vegetation from recovering
Over Grazing
42
Occur when hind hood strikes the heel or lower leg of front hoof on same side
Overreaching
43
Refers to complete cycle of movement by a horse which involves all four limbs.
Stride
44
Horse at the walk will move its hind and front legs in a regular 1-2-3-4 beat. At any given time, the horse will have 2 to 3 hooves on the ground.
Footfall Sequence
45
Refers to distinct footfall patterns produced by horses’ legs as they move.
Beat
46
Refers to phase in gaits where all four limbs are suspended in the air or off the ground simultaneously.
Suspension
47
Originated from Vermont. Known for easy manageability and remarkable endurance.
Morgan
48
Originated from Spain. Color golden white, silver or ivory mane and tail.
Palomino
49
Should be solid colored w/o excessive white markings. Known for its floating trot and excellent balance.
Trakehner
50
Came from England, developed as running horse. Known for its use in horse racing due to their speed, agility, and spirit.
Thoroughbred
51
Came from United states brought by spanish conquistadors. Color half of bay, brown, chestnut, with white spots.
Pinto Horse
52
Originated from Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado. Well muscled and powerfully build, considered the most versatile.
Quarter Horse
53
Originated from Fayette County, Kentucky. Saddle, pleasure, stock, and fine harness.
Saddlebred
53
Originated from the United States, Color white, may be Overo and Tobiano.
Paint Horse
54
Known for its dished face, finely chiseled bone structure, arched neck, and high carried tail. Also known for speed, refinement, and endurance
Arabian
54
Running-walk is distinctive to the breed.
Tennessee Walking Horse
55
Came from Palouse River, Idaho and Washington. Pleasure, race, and know for its spotted coat
Appaloosa
56
Noble horse that has elastic gaits and cooperative temperament.
Hanoverian
57
Color chestnut varies from light to dark with no white. Has excellent deposition. Used in farm work
Suffolk
58
Has wide, deep, low set bodies. Small head but powerful shoulders and hind legs. Used for exhibition purposes, special attraction, and farm work. One of the most popular draft breeds in the United States
Belgian
58
Heavy feathering of feet, well muscled with an arching neck and tail withers.
Clydesdale
59
Color bay with few or no white markings. Used for dressage, jumping, and driving.
Holsteiner
60
Common issue in horses where hind hood strikes underside of front hoof on the same side.
Forging
61
Basis and foundation of all gaits. Slowest, steadiest, and most comfortable gait. Is a four beat movement where each hoof hits the ground independently.
Walk
62
Is the fastest horse gait. Four-beat gait primarily used in racing and in situations requiring speed.
Gallop
63
Is a three-beat movement, faster than trot but slower than gallop. Has distinct rhythm and is often used in everyday riding.
Canter
64
Is a steady two-beat movement. Horse moves its legs in diagonal pairs. A versatile gait used for training, exercise, and known for its bounce.
Trot
65
General term for horse equipment used in riding and driving horses.
Tack
66
This pony came from Mason City, Iowa, Similar to appaloosa.
Pony of the America
67
This pony came from Wales, UK. Color black, gray, bay, roan, cream, chestnut.
Welsh Pony
68
Came from Hackney, England. Color chestnut, bay, brown, and white markings are desirable.
Hackney
69
This pony originated from Europe. Very friendly and alert.
Miniature Pony
70
Originated from Shetland Isles, Scotland. Color black, dark brown, bay, chestnut and spotted.
Shetland Pony
71
This kind of horse barn is specifically designed for different purposes such as
Broodmare & Foaling Barn
Stallion Barn & Paddock
Large Horse Establishments
72
This kind of horse barn is when one or two riding horses or ponies are kept.
Small Horse Establishment
73
Place where mares may be handled and serviced under sanitary conditions.
Breeding Shed and Corral
74
Horses kept in ___ even in colder areas are healthier and suffer fewer respiratory diseases.
Open sheds
74
Are dry, sanitary, and well bedded.
Weanling & Yearling Quarters
75
Type of bridle used when riding a horse without a bit. Works through use of pressure on horse’s face, nose, and chin.
Hackamores
76
Most important part of bridle, to secure this within the horse’s mouth w/c provides communication of horse and rider.
Bits
77
Are essential equipment to provide comfort for both the horse and the rider.
Saddles
78
Cheek strap
Bridles
79
Broad strap material attached by buckles to billet strips of saddle.
Girth
80
Used in the same direction as hair growth on mane and tail.
Comb
81
To clean out hooves by removing stones, and other stuff that gets stuck beneath the hoof
Hoof picks
82
For rider’s safety which provides stability and allows rider to steer horse effectively and perform complex movements like jumping.
Stirrups
83
Used on a slender-bodied horse to keep saddle from slipping to the rear
Breast collar
84
Crucial equipment which serves as protection for horse back and for additional comfort.
Saddle Pad
85
To bring dirt to the surface of the coat. Use in small circular sections all over the body.
Curry Comb
85
To remove dirt from coat and make coat shine. Used in a flicking action along the body hair growth.
Brushes
86
To remove excess water from the coat. Scrape in the same direction as hair growth pattern
Sweat Scraper
