BASE ORTHO KNOWLEDGE

Question 1

What pliers are used commonly in an orthodontics lab?

Answer 1

• adams 64 pliers
• wire cutters

Question 2

what does ARAB stand for?

Answer 2

• active component
• retentive
• anchorage
• baseplate

Question 3

what are the active components of a design?

Answer 3

the name of the component/components that will be moving teeth with the application of force

Question 4

what does retentive mean in the appliance design?

Answer 4

the resistance to displacement forces

Question 5

what does anchorage stand for in the appliance design?

Answer 5

the resistance to unwanted tooth movement

Question 6

what does baseplate refer to in the design of an ortho appliance?

Answer 6

connects all the components together as a unit, provides anchorage & assists with retention

Question 7

How do teeth move in orthodontics?

Answer 7

if prolonged force is applied to a tooth, the tooth will move

Question 8

what does the force exerted on a tooth cause other than movement?

Answer 8

creates pressure that causes the bone around the tooth to remodel
- bone is selectively removed in some areas & added in others

Question 9

what is the remodelling of bone controlled by?

Answer 9

by the PDL fibres

Question 10

what are the components of stainless steel?

Answer 10

Iron
Chromium
Nickel
Titanium
Carbon

Question 11

what % of Iron is found in stainless steel?

Answer 11

72%

Question 12

what % of Chromium is found in stainless steel?

Answer 12

18%

Question 13

what % of Nickel is found in stainless steel?

Answer 13

8%

Question 14

what % of Titanium is found in stainless steel?

Answer 14

1.7%

Question 15

what % of Carbon is found in stainless steel?

Answer 15

0.3%

Question 16

what are some advantages of removable orthodontics?

Answer 16

• excellent anchorage
• cheaper than fixed ortho
• shorter chair side time
• oral hygiene easier to maintain
• non-destructive to tooth surface

Question 17

what are some disadvantages of removable orthodontics?

Answer 17

• less precise control of tooth movement
• easily removed from patient
• only 1-2 teeth moved at a time
• rotations very difficult to correct

Question 18

what gauge of stainless steel wire is used for Adam’s clasps?

Answer 18

0.7mm

Question 19

what gauge of stainless steel wire is used in CHILDRENS Adams clasps?

Answer 19

0.6mm

Question 20

what are the different uses of casts in orthodontics?

Answer 20

• motivation for patient
• design appliances
• form of record
• teaching
• able to see changes in occlusion
• patient explanation

Question 21

what patient information should be given when a removable appliance is used in treatment?

Answer 21

• appliance may feel big & bulky
• may cause initial excessive salivation
• may impinge speech
• may cause initial discomfort or ache

Question 22

what patient instructions should be given when a removable appliance is used in treatment?

Answer 22

• must be worn 24/7
• remove after every meal & clean with soft brush
• remove & store in protective container when playing contact/active sports
• avoid hard/sticky foods that may damage the appliance
• missing appts will significantly lengthen treatment time

Question 23

what gauge of wire is used for active components such as springs?

Answer 23

0.5mm hard stainless steel

Question 24

what gauge of wire is used for retentive components?

Answer 24

0.7mm hard stainless steel

Question 25

what gauge of wire is used for passive components?

Answer 25

0.7mm hard stainless steel (flattened)

Question 26

what is the first thing you should do when fitting a URA?

Answer 26

• ensure the patients details match the details supplied for the appliance
• check the appliance matches the design specifications
• inspect the appliance & run finger over all surfaces looking for sharp/potentially traumatic areas
• check integrity of the wire work

Question 27

what comes after you do the checks when fitting a URA?

Answer 27

• insert appliance into patients mouth immediately looking for areas of blanching/soft tissue trauma
• check the posterior retention
• check anterior retention
• activate the appliance
• demonstrate the correct procedure for insertion/removal
• book a review appointment

Question 28

how long should the time period be before the patient comes back for a review appointment?

Answer 28

4-6 weeks