Based on antibiotic module

Question 1

Is penicillin bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 1

bactericidal - stop cross linking of peptidoglycan of cell wall

Question 2

What is penicillin used to treat?

Answer 2

Group A Strep (Strep. pyogenes)

Question 3

Give a side effect of penicillin

Answer 3

anaphylaxis

Question 4

What does flucloxacillin treat?

Answer 4

Gram positive organisms esp Staph aures

Question 5

Is vancomycin a penicillin?

Answer 5

No it is a glycopeptide

Question 6

Does amoxicillin treat gram positive or gram negative organisms?

Answer 6

Both

Used to treat E. coli

Question 7

What can vancomycin treat that most other antibiotics cannot treat?

Answer 7

MRSA

Question 8

Give 2 side effects of vancomycin?

Answer 8

Red man syndrome (allergy)

nephrotoxic

Question 9

What is co-amoxiclav made of?

Answer 9

amoxicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor

Question 10

What is co-amoxiclav used to treat?

Answer 10

Severe CAP

Question 11

Are cephalosporins broad spectrum?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Give an example of a cephalosporin and what it treats

Answer 12

Ceftriaxone - meningitis & ghonorrhoea & epiglottitis

Question 13

How does metronidazole exert it’s bactericidal action?

Answer 13

causes strand breakage of bacterial DNA

Question 14

What is metronidazole used to treat?

Answer 14

infections caused by “true anaerobes” - C. diff and Bacteroides
some protozoal infections - Giardia and Amobiasis

Question 15

Can metronidazole be used in pregnancy?

Answer 15

Yes but should be avoided in the 1st trimester

Question 16

What is cotrimoxazole made of?

Answer 16

trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole

Question 17

Is cotrimoxazole bacteriostatic?

Answer 17

Yes, it inhibits folic acid synthesis

Question 18

What can cotrimoxazole treat?

Answer 18

Gram pos and gram neg organisms

Will treat Staph. aureus but not pseudomonas

Question 19

Are fluroquinolones bacteristatic?

Answer 19

No, bactericidal

Question 20

Do fluroquinolones treat gram pos or gram neg?

Answer 20

Both

Question 21

Give examples of fluroquinolones and what they are used for

Answer 21

Ciprofloxacin - complicated UTIs and oral treatment for Pseudomonas
Levofloxacin - severe CAP in penicillin allergic patients

Question 22

Are macrolides bacteriostatic? How?

Answer 22

Yes, inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome

Question 23

What kind of antibiotic is clarithromycin and what is it used to treat?

Answer 23

Macrolide

treats severe CAP

Question 24

Azithromycin is a macrolide. What is it used to treat?

Answer 24

Chlamydia

Question 25

Which macrolide is safe in prgenancy?

Answer 25

Erythromycin

Question 26

What is Gentamicin used to treat?

Answer 26

Coliforms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 27

What is the problem with gentamicin?

Answer 27

It has a narrow therapeutic index so its levels in the blood need measured frequently

Question 28

What are the side effects of gentamicin?

Answer 28

``` nephrotoxic damages CNVIII (deafness and disturbance of balance) ```

Question 29

Explain gentamicin's mode of action.

Answer 29

adheres to the 30S subunits of ribosomes therefore inhibiting protein synthesis and exerting a bactericidal effect

Question 30

Doxycycline is a tetracyline. What is it used to treat?

Answer 30

skin and soft tissue infections | Mild/mod CAP in penicillin allergic patients

Question 31

Is doxycycline bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Answer 31

bacteriostatic

Question 32

Who is doxycycline not given to?

Answer 32

pregnant women