Basic Biochemistry

Question 1

Ph

Answer 1

Measures acidity

Acids and Bases

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

Essential biological macromolecules composed of amino acids, which are linked by peptide bonds

EXTRA

Peptide bonds hold amino acids together, forming the backbone of proteins and peptides

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

Organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, primarily serving as a source of energy and structural components in living organisms

EXAMPLES
●sugars
●starch
●glycogen
●cellulose

Question 4

Nucleic Acids

Answer 4

Large biomolecules made of nucleotides that store and transmit genetic information

DNA/RNA (Found in nucleus)

Question 5

Enzymes

Answer 5

●made of proteins

How Enzymes Work:

1. Binding:
   The enzyme’s active site binds to the specific substrate, forming an enzyme-substrate complex.
2. Catalysis:
   The enzyme’s active site interacts with the substrate, creating a suitable environment for the reaction to proceed faster.
3. Product Formation:
   The substrate undergoes a change, resulting in the formation of products.
4. Release:
   The products are released from the active site, leaving the enzyme free to bind and catalyze another reaction.

Question 6

Fab- Lipids and Fatty acids

Answer 6

Lipids- the polymers of fatty acids that contain a long, non-polar hydrocarbon chain with a small polar region containing oxygen. Energy reserve, regulate hormones, transmit nerve impulses, cushion vital organs, and transport fat-soluble nutrients

Fatty Acids- a major component of the lipids. “Building blocks” of cell membranes