Basic Blood Flashcards
Hematocrit
The ration of the volume of RBC’s to the total volume of blood. 44% of whole blood.
% that leukocytes and platelets make up in the blood
1%. aka the “buffy coat”
Plasma
55% of total blood. Made up of 90% water. Solvent for a variety of solutes. Also made up of proteins and solutes.
Interstital fluid
fluid surrounding tissue cells, derived from blood plasma.
Plasma proteins
Albumin, globulins, & fibrinogen. 7-8% of plasma
Serum
blood plasma without clotting factors
Albumin
main protein constituent (~50%). Source of major colloid osmotic pressure
Globulins
Immunoglobulins (ÿ-globulins) - largest component, immune system.
Non-immune globulins (@-globulins & B-globulin) - maintain the osmotic pressure within the vascular system
Fibrinogen
Largest plasma protein. Soluble fibrinogen -> soluble protein fibrin
Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton: Integral membrane proteins
Glycophorin C - attaches underlying cytoskeletal protein network to cell membrane
Band 3 protein - binds hgb & acts as an anchoring site for the cytoskeletal proteins
Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton: Peripheral membrane proteins
2-D hexagonal lattice network that laminates the inner membrane.
Lattice is composed of a-spectrin and b-spectrin molecules.
What anchors the spectrin molecules in erythrocytes?
Band 4.1 protein complex and ankyrin protein complex
Two types of cytoskeleton defects? What do these lead to?
Hereditary spherocytosis and hereditary elliptocytosis. They lead to inability to adapt to changes in osmotic pressure and thus hemolysis
Hereditary spherocytosis
Affects ankyrin complex (band 3, band 4.2, spectrin). Defective anchor points cause the membrane to detach and peel off.
Hereditary elliptocytosis
Spectrin-spectrin bonds and spectrin-ankyrin-band 4.1 junctions are defective. Membrane fails to rebound and progressively elongates.
