Basic Concepts Of Computing Flashcards
(26 cards)
Refers to all the parts within the computer we can physically touch
Eg. Keyboard, cables, and monitor
Hardware
Refers to all the programs, sets of instructions, that tell the computer what to do
Software
A multi-purpose electronic tool that can receive data (input), can process the data, produce results and output the results
Computer
Raw, unprocessed facts
Data
Software that is used to do productive work and accomplish specific tasks
Application software
The way of getting both data and instructions into the computer
Input
Specialized software and hardware designed to be used at a till point. It manages stick and creates reports (such as a till slip) when stock is sold to customers
POS system (point of sale system)
The programming code used to develop a specific application
Source code
Software that is used to control and maintain your computer
Eg. Windows 7-10 and apple os
System software
Shareware
Software that is distributed freely, but either it can only be used for a limited time, or limited capabilities are available. Also you don’t receive the source code
A term used to refer to all the technology involved with the collecting, processing, and storing of data/information
Information technology
Open source code (OSS)
Software made available with a license that allows you to access and modify the source code, but not sell the software
The result of processing data and it should be useful meaningful
Information
Proprietary software
Software developed by a certain software house. Users have to pay a license fee to be allowed to use the software. No access to the source code is provided
Shrink wrap
What you buy in stores, software in boxes sealed with shrink wrap. It can’t be copied and only used on 1 computer
Freeware
Download and share with your friends, but you don’t get the source code
Advantages and disadvantages of open source software
Advantage: no cost, access to source code, freedom to change the code to suit your own needs, and access to community
Disadvantages: no one held responsible for glitches and mess ups, risk of poor support, higher skill needed to bring out full potential, varieties of the same software could appear
How to securely store, manage, and retrieve such large amounts of data
Data warehousing
How to process and analyse this data looking for valuable information you didn’t even know was there
Data mining
List of powerful devices from strongest to weakest
Servers Desktops Laptops, notebooks, and tablet pc's Netbooks and consumer tablets Smartphones
Advantages and disadvantages of computers
Advantages: don’t get tired, fast and accurate, multi-purpose
Disadvantages: expensive, can’t think, and needed skilled programmers
Why do we need both storage and memory in a computer
Storage is used to save all the files and programs that we need that we are not currently working on, memory is where all the instructions are stored when we are working on, programs and data can’t be worked on unless they are temporarily loaded in memory
Executes the instructions within the computer and processes the data, as well as managing and controlling all the other parts of a computer
CPU
What makes one computer more powerful than another?
Size of memory
Amount of storage
Speed and performance of the cpu(s)
