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Rahul's Basics > Basic Drugs > Flashcards

Basic Drugs Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Lactulose

A

for Constipation

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2
Q

Clotrimazole

A

for Thrush

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3
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

A

for Alcohol withdrawal
Moderate: 10-30 mg 4 times a day
Severe: 10-40 mg 4 times a day (first 2 days), 10-50 mg 4 times a day

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4
Q

Codeine

A

Opiate to treat pain, cough and diarrhoea

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5
Q

Duloxetine

A

Diabetic neuropathy, 60 mg, OD, oral
Major depressive disorder 60 mg OD
Generalized anxiety disorder 30 mg OD
Urinary incontinence (mod-severe): 20 mg TD

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6
Q

Hydroxocobalamin

A

Prophylaxis for macrocytic anaemia for B12 def: 1 mg, IM every 2-3 months
Pernicious anemias and other anemias with/without neurological involvement

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7
Q

Paracetamol

A

Mild-moderate pain; pyrexia:
ORALLY OR PER RECTALLY - 0.5-1 g every 4-6 hours upto 4g a day

IV INFUSION -
IF less than 50 kg: 15mg/kg every 4-6 hours, give dose over 15 minutes, max dose: 60mg/kg

IF 50 kg or above: 1g every 4-6 hours, give dose over 15 minutes, max dose: 4g/day

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8
Q

Metronidazole

A

Anaerobic infections
Mouth: 400 mg/8 hours
IV: 500 mg/8 hours

To treat H.pylori infection give in combination with:
CLARITHROMYCIN + LANSOPRAZOLE + METRONIDAZOLE

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9
Q

Phenytoin

A

Tonic-clonic

Focal seizures

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10
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Trigeminal neuralgia - 100 mg OD/BD
Diabetic neuropathy - 100 mg OD/BD
Focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures
ADJUNCT FOR ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL with chlordiazepoxide

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11
Q

Gabapentin

A

Peripheral neuropathic pain - 300 mg OD, day 1, 300 mg BD day 2, 300 mg TD day 3
Focal seizures
Migraine prophylaxis

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12
Q

Nimodipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

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13
Q

Methotrexate

A

Crohn’s disease (IM - 25 mg)
Rheumatoid arthritis ( oral 25 mg Once weekly)
Neoplastic disease

CAN CAUSE LIVER TOXICITY - therefore, require monitoring

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14
Q

Amiodarone

A

Arrhythmias - SVT, VT, AF, Atrial flutter

CAN CAUSE LIVER TOXICITY

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15
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE inhibitor

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16
Q

Losartan
Candesartan
Valsartan

A

Angiotensin II receptor blockers

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17
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Beta blocker for high blood pressure

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18
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE inhibitor

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19
Q

Abciximab/Tirofiban

A

Antiplatelet - Blocks fibrinogen binding to glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor

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20
Q

Bivalirudin

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

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21
Q

Nitrofuratoin

A

Acute uncomplicated UTIs
50 mg QID for 3-7 days
100 mg BD

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22
Q

Digoxin

A

For AF or Atrial Flutter: 0.75-1.5 mg in divided doses over 24 hours

For Heart Failure in sinus rhythm: 62.5-125 mg OD

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23
Q

Bivalirudin

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

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24
Q

Nitrofuratoin

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute uncomplicated UTIs
50 mg QID for 3-7 days
100 mg BD

25
Digoxin
For AF or Atrial Flutter: 0.75-1.5 mg in divided doses over 24 hours For Heart Failure in sinus rhythm: 62.5-125 mg OD
26
Salbutamol
Blue inhaler | Short-acting bronchodilator
27
Ipratropium
Green-white inhaler | Short-acting bronchodilator
28
Beclometasone
Inhaled steroid
29
Budesonide
Inhaled steroid
30
Fluticasone
Inhaled steroid
31
What is SERETIDE?
Fluticasone + Salmeterol
32
Flucloxacillin
Infections due to beta-lactamase producing staphylococci including otits externa 250-500 mg 4 qtds OD Endocarditis 8g/daily in 4 divided doses 12g/daily in 6 divided doses Osteomyelitis 8g daily in 3/4 divided doses
33
What is SYMBICORT?
Budesonide + Formoterol
34
Sodium valproate
Epilepsy | 600 mg daily in 1-2 divided doses with step up to 1-2 g daily
35
Cyclizine
Antihistamine, Antimuscarinic Post-op nausea, bowel obstruction nausea, motion sickness, labyrinthine aetiologies, raised ICP
36
Metoclopramide
Anti-emetic
37
Flucloxacillin
Infections due to beta-lactamase producing staphylococci including otits externa 250-500 mg 4 qtds OD Endocarditis 8g/daily in 4 divided doses 12g/daily in 6 divided doses Osteomyelitis 8g daily in 3/4 divided doses
38
Haloperidol
Drug induced Metabolic causes Raised ICP
39
What are the DDx of Epigastric pain?
``` Acute pancreatitis Perforated peptic ulcer Gastritis/Duodentitis Peptic ulcer disease (gastric or duodenal) Biliary colic Acute cholecystitis - inflammation of the gall bladder Ascending cholagnitis - Inflammation of the bile duct Myocardial infarction Ruptural abdominal aortic aneurysm Mesenteric ischaemia Basal pneumonia Oesophagitis (due to GORD) ```
40
Metoclopramide
Pro-kinetic Delayed gastric emptying Opiates Gastroparesis CONTRAINDICATED IN BOWEL OBSTRUCTION and PARKINSON's
41
Ondansetron
Chemotherapy induced vomitting | Post-operative vomiting
42
Haloperidol
Drug induced Metabolic causes Raised ICP
43
Which drugs cause ileus of the biliary system?
co-amoxiclav nitrofuratoin oral contraceptive pill
44
Which drugs affect hepatocytes ability to excrete alcoholc?
Paracetamol Valproate Rifampicin
45
What do suplhonamides, aspirin in G6PDH-deficient patient causes?
Intravascular haemolysis
46
Tinzaparin
Prophlyaxis of DVT | subcutaneous injection - 3500 units for 1 dose
47
How do you write four times daily?
QDS
48
Have does methyldopa cause?
autoimmune, extravascular haemolysis
49
Acetazolamide
Glaucoma 250-500 mg daily Epilepsy
50
Name a side-effect of GTN spray
Headache
51
How do you write four times daily?
QDS
52
Aciclovir
Herpes simplex, infection Herpes simplex suppression 400 mg TD Gential herpes - 1st episode ``` Varicella zoster (chicken pox treatment) Herpes zoster (shingles infection) ```
53
Which drugs can cause urinary retention?
Antihistamines (chlorpheniramine, cetirizine) Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine) Drugs used to treat urinary incontinence (tolterodine, oxybutynin)
54
Which durgs can cause Chronic viral hepatitis?
Methyldopa Isoniazid Ketoconazole Nitrofuration
55
List two alpha blockers
Doxazosin | Prazosin
56
List two side-effects of ACE-inhibitors
Cough | Angioedmea
57
Which drugs can cause urinary retentipon?
Antihistamines (chlorpheniramine, cetirizine) Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine) Drugs used to treat urinary incontinence (tolterodine, oxybutynin)
58
PENTOXIFYLLINE
Peripheral vascular disease | Venous leg ulcer

Rahul's Basics (11 decks)

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