Basic energy trivia Flashcards
(21 cards)
Define energy
Ability to perform work or put mass into motion
Define work
Ability to apply force over a distance
Define power
The rate at which we can work divided by the time
What is ATP made up of?
Adenine nucleotide base
Ribose sugar
Three phosphate groups
What enzyme breaks down atp?
ATPase
Define kinetic energy
Energy in the form of muscle contraction/joint movement
Define exothermic
A chemical reactions that releases energy as it progresses
Where is ATP stored?
Directly within the muscle as a simple compound.
What are the three energy systems which endothermically resynthesises ATP?
ATP/PC system
Lactic avid system
Aerobic system
Define anaerobic
A reaction that can occur without the presence of oxygen
Define coupled reactions
When the products from one reaction, such as energy, are then used in another reaction.
What is the sarcoplasm?
Fluid like gelatine that fills the spaces within the muscle cells and is a store of glycogen, fat, proteins, enzymes and myoglobin.
What is the matrix?
Intracellular fluid within the mitochondria where oxidation takes place.
What is the mitochondria?
Small sub unit membrane sites of muscle cells where aerobic respiration takes place.
What are the cristae?
Internal membrane/compartments/fold-like structures within the mitochondria.
What type of reaction is the ATP/PC system?
Anaerobic
What enzymes are involved in the ATP/PC system?
ATPase and creative kinase
What does creatine kinase do?
Breaks down phosphocreatine into a phosphate group and a creatine molecule. The phosphate group then attaches onto the ADP to am ATP.
What type of reactions is the alactic acid system?
Anaerobic
What is the fuel of the lactic acid system?
Glycogen and glucose
What is the site of all resynthesis reactions?
The muscle cell sarcoplasm.
