Basic gland and hormone info Flashcards by Anne Lodders

8 “classic” endocrine glands

-Hypothalamus
-Pineal gland
-Pituitary gland

-Thyroid gland
-Parathyroid glands

-Gonads (ovaries, testes)
-Pancreas (islands of Lagerhens)
-Adrenal glands

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Where is melatonin produced?

Pineal gland

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Melatonin primary target(s)

Brain, other tissues

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Melatonin main effect(s)

-Circadian rhytms
-Immune function
-Antioxidant

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Where is oxytocin produced?

Posterior pituitary

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Oxytocin primary target(s)

Breast and uterus

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Oxytocin main effect(s)

-Milk ejection
-Labor and delivery
-Behavior

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Melatonin hormone type

Amino-acid derived

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Oxytocin hormone type

Peptide

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Where is Antidiuretic hormone produced?

Posterior pituitary

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Antidiuretic hormone primary target(s)

Kidney

(ei lukenu taulukossa, mutta myös blood vessels?)

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Antidiuretic hormone main effect(s)

Water reabsoption

(vasoconstriction)

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ADH hormone type

Peptide

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What two hormones are produced in posterior pituitary?

Oxytocin
ADH

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What 6 hormones are produced in anterior pituitary?

Growth hormone
Corticotropin
Thyrotropin

Prolactin
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone

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Where is prolactin produced?

Anterior pituitary

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Prolactin primary target(s)

Breast

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Prolactin main effect(s)

Milk production

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Prolactin hormone type

Peptide

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Where is growth hormone produced?

Anterior pituitary

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Growth hormone primary target(s)

Liver
Many tissues

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Growth hormone main effect(s)

Growth factor secretion
Growth and metabolism

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Where is corticotropin produced?

Anterior pituitary

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Corticotropin primary target(s)

Adrenal cortex

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Corticotropin main effect(s)

Cortisol release

Growth hormone type

Peptide

Corticotropin type

Peptide

Where is thyrotropin produced?

Anterior pituitary

Thyrotropin primary target(s)

Thyroid gland

Thyrotropin main effect(s)

Thyroid hormone synthesis

Follicle-stimulating hormone produced?

Anterior pituitary

Follicle-stimulating hormone primary target(s)

Gonads

Follicle-stimulating hormone main effect(s)

Egg or sperm production Sex hormone production

Luteinizing hormone produced?

Anterior pituitary

Luteinizing hormone primary target(s)

Gonads

Luteinizing hormone main effect(s)

Sex hormone production Egg or sperm production

FSH and luteinizing hormone type

Peptide

Thyrotropin hormone type

Peptide

What hormone(s) does thyroid gland produce?

Triiodothyronine Thyroxine Calcitonin

Thyroxine main effect(s)

Metabolism Growth Development

Thyroxine hormone type

Amino acid-derived

Calcitonin primary target(s)

Bone

Calcitonin main effect(s)

Lowers plasma calcium levels

Calcitonin hormone type

Peptide

Parathyroid hormone primary target(s)

Bone Kidney

Parathyroid hormone main effect(s)

Regulates plasma Ca2+ and phosphate levels

Parathyroid hormone type

Peptide

What hormone(s) does thymus gland produce?

Thymosin Thymopoietin

Thymosin and thymopoietin primary target(s)

Lymphocytes

Thymosin and thymopoietin main effect(s)

Lymphocyte development

What hormone(s) does heart produce?

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Atrial natriuretic peptide primary target(s)

Kidneys

Atrial natriuretic peptide main effect(s)

Increases Na+ excretion

What hormone(s) does the liver produce?

Angiotensinogen Insulin-like growth factors

Angiotensinogen primary target(s)

Adrenal cortex Blood vessels

Angiotensinogen main effect(s)

Aldosterone secretion Increases blood pressure

Insulin-like growth factors main effect(s)

Growth

What hormone(s) does pancreas produce?

Insulin Glucagon Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide

What hormone(s) does adrenal cortex produce?

Aldosterone Cortisol Androgens

Hormone type of all hormones produced in adrenal cortex

Steroid hormones

Aldosterone primary target(s)

Kidneys

Aldosterone main effect(s)

Na+ and K+ homeostasis

Cortisol main effect(s)

stress response

Hormones produced in adrenal medulla

Epinephrine Norepinephrine

Hormone type of (nor)epinephrine

Amino acid-derived

Hormone(s) produced by kidney

Erythropoietin Calciferol

Erythropoietin primary target(s)

Bone marrow

Erythropoietin main effect(s)

Red blood cell production

Erythropoietin hormone type

Peptide

Calciferol primary target(s)

Intestine

Calciferol main effect(s)

Increase calcium absorption

What hormone(s) does skin produce?

Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 main effect(s)

Precursor of calciferol

Calciferol and D3 hormone type

Steroid

Basic gland and hormone info Flashcards

(76 cards)