Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

749 - Ex 2 > Basic Hoof Conditions > Flashcards

Basic Hoof Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is Laminitis?

A

Systemic disease
- clinical signs when lamellar tissues is already damaged

Failure of attachment between distal phalanx and hoof wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the clinical importance of Laminitis?

A

Life-threatening!

  • Painful
  • Can terminate an athletic career
  • Economic losses to industry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 3 pre-disposing conditions of Laminitis

A
  1. Endotoxemia
    - GI tract (colic, grain overload, peritonitis, enterocolitis)
  2. Systemic metabolic dysfunction
    - PPID, EMS
  3. Non-WB lameness
    - fracture, septic synovial structure, support limb laminitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does PPID or EMS cause laminitis?

A

Glucose deprivation!

  • cells of hoof need glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some clinical signs of Laminitis?

A

Varying degrees of lameness
- front feet > hind feet

Signs of inflammation
- heat, inc digital pulses, positive to hoof testers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 stages of Laminitis?

A
  1. Developmental
    - AT RISK!!!
    - no lameness of CS
  2. Acute
    - lameness, CS
    - active separation of dermis and epidermis

Chronic

  • displacement of distal phalanx
  • chronic lameness, abscesses, abnormal hoof growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do we dx laminitis?

A
  1. Lameness evaluation (+/-) - chronic cases
    - nerve blocks (abaxial sesamoid)
  2. Rads of P3 - lateral and DP
    - assess vertical and rotational displacement
    - serial rads to assess progression
  3. Venogram
    - assess blood distribution to P3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On rads, the hoof wall and P3 should be ____

A

Parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do we tx in Developmental stage of Laminitis?

A
  • prevention of CS
  • treat systemic dz!!
  • remove inciting agent or prevent from reaching lamina (cryotherapy)
  • anti-endotoxin serum or plasma, anti-inflammatories, mineral oil/activated charcoal, sole support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do we tx Acute Laminitis?

A
  1. Pain management
    - phenylbutazone, DMSO, opioids, ice
  2. Increase perfusion
    - pentoxifylline, isoxsuprine
    - heel elevation (dec pull of DDFT)
  3. Treat wind-up
    - gabapentin, acupuncture/chiro
  4. Prevent over-load of hoof wall
    - sole support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do we tx Chronic Laminitis?

A
  • Decrease tension on DDFT
  • Realign hoof-pastern axis
  • tx systemic dz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The hoof wall acts as a tourniquet for foot. If we remove the hoof wall it will allow for _____ of _____

A

perfusion of lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Whats the prognosis of laminitis?

A

GUARDED

really depends on CS and response to tx

Some can do well and return to normal fxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

7 yr old Percheron cross mare. Severe laceration distal to left tarsus - >50% SDFT damaged. Non-WB initially.

What stage of laminitis is affecting the horse? How should we tx?

A

Developmental

Tx the systemic dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

7 yr old Percheron cross mare. Severe laceration distal to left tarsus - >50% SDFT damaged. Non-WB initially. (continued)

LH limb immobilization (8wks), but had some splints difficulties (rotate, break). Became sore in RH ~7-8 wks post-injury.

What stage of laminitis is she in now? dx? tx?

A

Acute

Rads and venogram

Pain meds and fix splint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Signalment:

  • Middle aged horses
  • Quarter horses
  • Small hooves, big bodies
  • Forelimb lameness (bilateral)

What is this? t.

A

Navicular Syndrome/Caudal Heel Pain

17
Q

Whats the suggested pathogenesis for Navicular syndrome/Caudal Heel pain?

A

Basically… Abnormal Forces

18
Q

How do we Dx Navicular Syndrome?

A
  • Hoof testers: across frog, heels
    (not always reliable)
  • worse on circle (limb on inside). bilateral
  • Nerve blocks
  • Rads
  • -US, MRI
19
Q

How do we block for Navicular Syndrome?

A

Palmar digital nerve block

DIP jt (10-15min)

Navicular bursa (5-10 min)

20
Q

Navicular syndrome Tx

A
  • Shoeing
  • Meds
    NSAIDs, Bisposphonates, isoxsuprine (??)
  • Surgical
    Navicular bursoscopy, palmar digital neurectomy
21
Q

CS of Subsolar Abscess

A

Mild-severe lameness

Digital pulses bounding

Hoof tester sensitivity

Drainage at coronary band

22
Q

Subsolar Abscess Tx

A
  • Create Ventral drainage
  • Soak
  • Bandage foot
  • TETANUS toxoid!
  • Exercise (some is good)
23
Q

Subsolar Abscess prognosis

A

Usually good to excellent

Some may have recurrent abscess –> if this is the case you should look for incitng causes

24
Q

Take Home Points

  1. Laminitis is caused by ____ ____
    - treat this too!
  2. Navicular Syndrome - _____ _____ lameness in _____ aged horses
    - medical management
  3. Subsolar Abscess
    - ____lameness, one foot
    - create ____ ____
A

Systemic disease

bilateral forelimb

middle

severe

ventral drainage

749 - Ex 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions