Basic immunopathology

Question 1

what is the first line of body defense

Answer 1

Innate immunity

Question 2

components of Innate immunity

what type of cells found in Innate immunity ?

Answer 2

Epithelial cells
phagocytic cells
NK cells
plasma proteins
dendritic cells
other innate lymphoid cells

Question 3

epithelia

epithelial cells also produce_____molevules such as defensins and lymphocytes

Answer 3

antimicrobial molecules

Question 4

phagocyte microbe and protein antigens present___fragments to__cells

Answer 4

peptide fragments
T cells

Question 5

macrophages

effector cell in___&____ immunity

Answer 5

cellular & humoral

Question 6

marophages

phagocyte microbes that oposnized by___or___

Answer 6

IgG or C3b

Question 7

macrophages

__cells activate macrophage and enhance ability to kill ingested microbes

Answer 7

T cells

Question 8

dendritic cells

____dendritic cells under epithelia, interstitia of all tissue

Answer 8

interdigitating

Question 9

dendritic cells

most important___presenting cells for initiating____responses aganist protein antigens

Answer 9

antigen presenting
T cells

Question 10

dandritic cells

follicular dendritic cell present in ?

Answer 10

spleen and lymph nodes

Question 11

Innate lymphoid cells

Innate lymphoid cells are___resident lymphocytes

Answer 11

tissue-resident

Question 12

Innate lymphoid cells

cannot respond to antigens bu instead are activated by____and other mediators produced at sites of tissue damage

Answer 12

cytokines

Question 13

Innate lymphoid cells

are the sources of inflammatory cytokines during early phases of_______reactions

Answer 13

immune

Question 14

ınnate lymphoid cells

____cells are one type of ILC that provide early protection aganist many viruses and intracellular bacteria

Answer 14

natural killer

Question 15

natural killer cell

contain____granules

Answer 15

azurophilic granules

Question 16

natural killer cell

not bear___cell receptor or cell surface__

Answer 16

t cell receptor or cell surface Ig

Question 17

natural killer cell

has ability to kill without____

Answer 17

sensitization

Question 18

natural killer cell

lyse___cells
___infected cells
secreate___

Answer 18

tumor cells
virally infected cell
secrete cytokines

Question 19

plasma proteins

____system consist of plasma proteins that are activated by microbes

Answer 19

complement system

Question 20

plasma proteins

contains
_____binding lectin
_____protein

Answer 20

mannose-binding
C-reactive protein

Question 21

Innate immunity

2 pattern exists which are ?

Answer 21

pathogen associated molecuar patterns
damage-associated molecular patterns

Question 22

PAMPs pathogen associated molecular patterns

molecular structures or molecules that are shared by most pathogenic____&____

Answer 22

virus & bacteria

Question 23

cellular receptor that recognize molecules released by____and_____cells

Answer 23

injured and necrotic cells

Question 24

___recognize molecules that released from injured or necrotic cells

this patterns called damage associated molecular patterns

Answer 24

leukocytes

Question 25

# Toll like receptors TLRs ___&___cells recognize components of microbes by cellular receptors

Answer 25

leucocytes & epithelial cells

Question 26

# Toll like receptors TLRs also known as______receptors

Answer 26

recognition

Question 27

# toll like receptors TLRs present in plasma_____&_____vesicles | initiate cellular response to microbes

Answer 27

membrane and endosomal vesicles

Question 28

# NOD nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors intracellular sensors of______patterns | Nod not only receptors but inflammasome

Answer 28

pathogen associated molecular patterns

Question 29

# İnnate immunity:receptors C-type lectin receptors expressed on plasma membrane of_____&____cells

Answer 29

macrophages & dendritic cells

Question 30

# C-type lectin receptors(CLRs) can detect___glycans and____inflammatory reactions to fungi

Answer 30

fungal glycans & elicit

Question 31

# RIG-like receptors(RLRs) located at____of most cell types

Answer 31

cytosol

Question 32

# RIG-like receptors(RLRs) detect nucleic acids of____that replicate in____of infected cells

Answer 32

virus cytoplasm

Question 33

# pattern recognition receptors are located in all cellular compartments where microbes may be present:

Answer 33

plasma membrane receptors endosomal receptors cytosolic receptors

Question 34

# pattern recognition receptors plasma membrane receptors can detect____microbes

Answer 34

extracellular

Question 35

# Innate immunity:after recognition TLR signal cause activation of_____factors | known as transcription factors

Answer 35

NF-kB | nuclear factor

Question 36

# Innate immunity:after recognition NF-kB cause production of__and proteins that stimulateactivities of cells

Answer 36

cytokines microbicidal activities

Question 37

# adaptive immunity cellular immunity protect aganist ______microbes and______

Answer 37

intracellular microbes and cancers

Question 38

# adaptive immunity cellular immunity mediated by ?

Answer 38

T lymphocytes

Question 39

# adaptive immunity humoral immunity protect aganist ?

Answer 39

extracellular microbes and their toxins

Question 40

# adaptive immunity mediated by ?

Answer 40

B lymphocytes | and their secreated products antibodies (İmmunoglobin Ig)

Question 41

# lymphocytes ____lymphocytes not encountered with ag | native immunologically unexperienced

Answer 41

mature

Question 42

# mature lymphocyte after activated by ag ____cells eliminate microbes _____cells live in a state of awareness

Answer 42

effector memory

Question 43

# T lymphocyte:helper T lymphocytes stimulate B lymphocytes to?

Answer 43

make antibodies activate other leukocytes

Question 44

# T lymphocyte 3 type exist name them

Answer 44

helper T cytotoxic(killer) T regulatory T

Question 45

# regulatory T lymphocytes limit___responses and prevent reactions aganist____antigens

Answer 45

immune responses self antigens

Question 46

# cytotoxic T lymphocytes kills____cells

Answer 46

infected

Question 47

# T lymphocyte generated from immature precursors in ?

Answer 47

thymus

Question 48

# T lymphocyte Cell zone located at ?

Answer 48

lymph node and spleen

Question 49

# T lymphocyte each T cell recognize ag by ____specific T cell receptor

Answer 49

ag-specific

Question 50

# T cell receptor consist of_____or_____pp chain

Answer 50

Question 51

# T cell receptor complex associated with group of proteins called ___complex | which initiate activating signals

Answer 51

CD3

Question 52

# T cell receptor complex TCR all proteins of CD3 complex are____in all T cell | they do not contribute to specificity

Answer 52

identical

Question 53

# TCR diversity generated by_________of genes encoding TCR chains

Answer 53

somatic rearrangement

Question 54

# TCR diversity every somatic cell has TCR genes in____configuration

Answer 54

germline

Question 55

# TCR diversity rearrengement occur only in__cells during development in thymus

Answer 55

T cells

Question 56

# TCR receptor types aB TCR recognize____via_____complex(MHC)of___presenting cells

Answer 56

antigens major histocompatibility complex antigen-presenting cells

Question 57

# TCR receptor types ____TCR recognize____,____small molecules w/o requirement of___proteins

Answer 57

MHC | major histocompatibility complex

Question 58

# gamma&delta T cells found at____surfaces of GI respiratory,urogenital mucosa protection aganist___

Answer 58

epithelial surface protection aganist microbes

Question 59

# T cells receptors CD4 & CD8 required to initiate signals that activate___cells expressed on___T cells

Answer 59

T cells alpha&beta T cells

Question 60

# T cell receptor functions CD4>_helper secreates____

Answer 60

T helper cytokines

Question 61

# B lymphocytes __ synthesis and secretion B-cells recognize antigens via____complex which includes Ig_ & Ig_ after antigen recognization B cell converts into___cell

Answer 61

Ig synthesis antigen receptor complex includes IgM &IgD B-cell converts into plasma cell | Ig is the mediator of humoral immunity

Question 62

# B-cell receptor complex composed of membrane Ig__&__ CD__ is a receptor for a complement component

Answer 62

IgM&D CD21