Basic interventions Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are 5 Ds to check before giving any drug?
Date Dose Drug Damage Dose
What 2 things beside the 5 Ds should be checked before giving any drug?
Contraindications - blood-thinning or bleeding disorders
Allergies
If you have a sharp who is responsible for disposing it?
You are
Where should you dispose of a sharp?
Sharp bin
When should you dispose of a sharp?
ASAP
Should you pass a sharp to another person
No
What are the 4 steps to take after a needle stick injury?
Bleed the site
Wash the site
Cover it
Report it
What are subcutaneous injections?
Injected between the fat and muscle of the skin
What are 3 key characteristics of subcutaneous injections?
Slow releasing
Small volumes
Water-soluble drugs only
What are 3 examples of contraindications of subcutaneous injections?
No infection, oedema or poor perfusion
Where are the 3 sites for subcutaneous injections?
Side of the arm
Front of the thigh
Umbilical region
What does gauge refer to in terms of needles?
The diameter of the needle
What is the range of gauge for needles and what do they mean?
Normally range from 22-25G. The higher the number, the smaller the gauge
What 3 things determine the needle selection?
Patient size, age
Skin density
What 3 things impact drug absorption?
Blood flow to skin
Exercise
Environmental temperature
What is aspirating?
Drawing back on the needle, to see if blood comes back and to ensure a blood vessel hasn’t been hit
What is the appropriate angle of injection?
45 (minimal fat) - 90 degrees (more fat)
What are the 7 parts of the pre-procedure to perform an injection?
- Explain and gain consent
- check for allergies
- 5 D’s for drug administration
- Assemble syringe and drawing up needle and withdraw drug (no air bubbles)
- dispose drawing up needle, and apply appropriate - sized needle
- Position patient
- Check for any marks of damage to site
What are the 4 steps to prepare a patient right before injecting?
- Clean hands and gloves
- ensure site is clean
- talk about procedure
- Pinch skin, at correct angle
What are the 5 steps when injecting a patient?
Inject slowly Wait up to 10 seconds to allow drug to diffuse Dispose of sharps Ensure patient is comfy Record drug administration info
What is IM and why is it used?
- Intra muscular deposited into muscle tissue
- Rapid absorption with prolonged duration of action
What volumes are used for IM injection?
1-5ml (small to larger muscles)
What are the 3 sites of IM?
Deltoid Vastus laterals (side of leg) rectus femoris (front of thigh)
How to find injection site for deltoid IM?
2cm below acromion process
