Basic Science Flashcards by Katelyn Hunter

Which vein is shared by the pancreas and liver?
a. Superior vena cava
b. Subclavian
c. Portal
d. Renal

Portal

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In addition to the zygoma, which other bone comprises the zygomatic arch?
a. Maxilla
b. Mandible
c. Temporal
d. Sphenoid

Temporal

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Which structures are located in the anterior mediastinum?
a. upper trachea, esophagus
b. thymus, ascending aorta, lymph nodes
c. phrenic nerves, lower trachea and bifurcation
d. descending aorta, thoracic duct, vagus nerve, azygous vein

Thymus, ascending aorta and lymph nodes

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The rectus sheaths that meet to form a tough fibrous white band that extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis is the:
a. Linea alba
b. Rectus abdominis
c. External oblique
d. Serratus anterior

Linea Alba

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Which of the following ligaments encloses the round ligament and extends from the lateral surface of the uterus to the pelvic wall?
a. Suspensory
b. Ovarian
c. Infundibulopelvic
d. Broad

Broad

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The tibial and common peroneal nerves are terminal branches of which of the following nerves?
a. Femoral
b. Peroneal
c. Sciatic
d. Splenic

Sciatic

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The point of separation between the posterior rectus sheath superiorly and absence of the sheath inferiorly is called the:
a. Arcuate line
b. Linea Alba
c. Semilunaris
d. aspera

Arcuate line

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The flexure between the transverse colon and the descending colon is called:
a. Hepatic
b. Splenic
c. Gastric
d. Colic

Splenic

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The three structures that form the anatomical triangle of calot:

Cystic duct, right hepatic duct and the lower edge of the liver

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The gelatinous substance within the intervertebral disc is called the:
a. Spinous Process
b. Nucleus Pulposus
c. Annulus fibrosus
d. Intervertebral foramen

Nucleus pulposus

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At what point does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?
a. within the inguinal canal
b. at the location of the inguinal ligament
c. at the location of the ilioinguinal nerve
d. within the triangle of doom

at the location of the inguinal ligament

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which of the following arteries supply blood to the brain?
a. anterior and middle cerebral arteries
b. vertebral and internal carotids
c. external and internal carotids
d. occipital and thyrocervical

vertebral and internal carotids

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Fissure of Sylvius separates the:

Frontal and temporal lobes

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The terminal arterial branches of the aorta are the:

right and left common iliacs

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What nerve innervates the diaphragm?

Phrenic

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The avascular area located in the mesentery and to the left of the middle colic artery is:

the space of Riolan

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The third ventricle of the brain empties into the fourth ventricle through the:

Aqueduct of Sylvius

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Which is a principal muscle of the pelvic floor?

Levator ani

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The three protective tissue layers called the meninges lie in the following order, starting with the most superficial:

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

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The ovarian artery is a branch of the:

Abdominal aorta

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The lateral ventricles within the cerebral hemisphere communicate with the third ventricle through the opening called:

Foramen of Monro

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The arterial supply to the bladder is derived mainly from the:

Internal Iliac

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The small ducts that drain bile directly into the gallbladder are called:

hepatopancreatic

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The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the:

Isthmus

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The white line of Hilton is situated:

between the external and internal anal sphincters

The inner lining of the mucosa of the GI tract is composed of:

Epithelium

An enzyme active in the digestion of starches is:

amylase

Deoxygenated blood is carried from the right ventricle to the lungs via which structure?

Pulmonary arteries

Which of the following lymph nodes is located between the pectoralis major and minor muscles?

Rotter

The uterine artery is a branch of the anterior trunk of the:

Internal iliac artery

Which of the following areas located in the frontal gyrus of the brain controls the function of speech?

Bronca's

Which of the following arteries supplies the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and proximal portion of the transverse colon?

superior mesenteric artery

A prolongation of the breast tissue located in the upper, outer part of the breast that passes through an opening in the axillary fascia is called the:

Axillary tail of Spence

The head of the pancreas is surrounded by the:

Duodenum

Which cranial nerve innervates the inferior, medial, superior rectus, inferior oblique and elevator palpebra muscle of the eye?

Oculomotor (III)

The coronary arteries originates at the base of the ascending aorta, also known as the:

Aortic Sinus

The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the:

Subclavian

The arterial supply to the intestinal tract, with the exception of the stomach, duodenum, and distal rectum is derived from the:

superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Where is Hartmann's pouch located?

gallbladder infundibulum

which artery divides into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries?

Internal Carotid

Nerve that branches from the vagus and travels directly into the larynx?

nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve

Which cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes through the skull, and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region?

X- vagus

The celiac artery trifurcates into the:

left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries

At the base of each internal carotid artery is an enlargement called the:

sinus

the inner lining of the mucosa with the GI tract is composed of:

simple columnar epithelium

The arterial blood supply to the nose is from the branches of the internal and external:

Maxillary

The carotid body and carotid sinus are two sensory structures; the carotid body is a:

Chemoreceptor

The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:

Mesentery

The sphincter located at the distal end of the CBD that opens into the duodenum is called:

oddi

Which vein proximally travels across the neck of the abdominal aorta?

Renal

The junction of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins forms the:

portal vein

Which organ is completely retroperitoneal?

Kidney

The veins of sappy drain the:

diaphragm

Which of the following is the name for the small pancreatic duct?

Santorini

Which vein drains the intracranial venous sinuses to veins on the outside of the skull?

Emissary

The anastomosis of arcades between the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels is known as the long anastomosis of:

Riolan

Collagen is produced by which of the following connective tissue cells?

Fibroblasts

Body temperature is regulated by the:

Hypothalamus

The frontal lobe is bounded posteriorly by the central sulcus, also called the:

Fissure of Rolando

The thoracic duct begins in the:

Abdomen at the Cisterna Chyli

The node of Lund is located in the:

Triangle of Calot

The Normal pH of blood:

7.3-7.4

The valve that prevents the retrograde flow of blood into the atrium from the left ventricle is the:

Mitral

At which vertebral level is the odontoid process located?

Where do the mental nerves and vessels exit from the mandible?

Foramen

A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone is called a:

Condyle

Two-thirds of the breast tissue rests on the pectoralis major muscle and the other one-third rests on the:

Serratus anterior

The recurrent laryngeal nerve that supplies the vocal cords lies very close to the:

inferior thyroid artery

The anatomical division between the inguinal and femoral regions is the:

Poupart's Ligament

Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes:

Acromegaly

Which ligament connects the thyroid to the trachea?

Berry

Which two electrolytes are essential for normal cardiac contractions?

Potassium and calcium

which of the following is the loose areolar tissue that separates the breast from the pectoralis major muscle?

Retromammary space

Which rectus muscle moves the eyeball upward and medially?

Superior

The arterial blood supply to the breast is supplied from the branches of the:

Internal mammary, axillary and lateral thoracic

Which nerve innervates the latissimus doors muscle?

thoracodorsal

What is the nourishing coat of the eyeball that consists mainly of blood vessels?

Choroid

Adipose tissue lies in which skin layer?

Subcutaneous

What is the normal cardiac output for an adult?

4-8 L/minute