Basic terminology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The scientific study that investigates the body’s structures.

Question 2

Gross Anatomy

Answer 2

the study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope

Question 3

Regional Anatomy

Answer 3

studying the human body by location (hardest)

Question 4

systemic anatomy

Answer 4

studying the human body through its systems (easiest)

Question 5

surface anatomy

Answer 5

looking only at the exterior of the body to visualize the structures deeper inside the body

Question 6

Physiology

Answer 6

the scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things

Question 7

cytology

Answer 7

the study of the structural features of cells

Question 8

histology

Answer 8

the study of the tissues

Question 9

Cell physiology

Answer 9

the study of the processes that occur within the cells

Question 10

systemic physiology

Answer 10

the study of the functions of the organ systems

Question 11

Pathology

Answer 11

the medical science dealing with the study of diseases

Question 12

Exercise physiology

Answer 12

The study of the changes in function and structure caused by exercise

Question 13

Why it’s important to not just study humans.

Answer 13

Bacteria and other mammals are very similar to humans in developing medicines and practicing surgical procedures.

Question 14

Chemical level

Answer 14

The first level of organization. Studying how atoms form molecules, and how they interact within the body.

Question 15

Cell Level

Answer 15

The second level of organization, studying the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.

Question 16

organelles

Answer 16

the structures inside the cells

Question 17

Tissue Level

Answer 17

The third level of organization. Groups of cells combine to form this level.

Question 18

Organ Level

Answer 18

The fourth level of organization. Two or more types of tissues combine to form these structures that perform one or more common functions.

Question 19

Organ System Level

Answer 19

The fifth level of organization. Multiple organs combine to form this system, which together perform a common function.

Question 20

Organism Level

Answer 20

The sixth level of organization. Any living thing considered as a whole.

Question 21

Integumentary System (4 functions)

Answer 21

1) Provides protection
2) Regulates temperature
3) Prevents water loss
4) Helps produce Vitamin D.

Question 22

Skeletal System (4 functions)

Answer 22

1) Provides protection and support
2) Allows body movements
3) Produces blood cells
4) Stores minerals and adipose.

Question 23

Muscular System (3 functions)

Answer 23

1) Produces body movements
2) Maintains posture
3) Produces body heat.

Question 24

Lymphatic System (4 functions)

Answer 24

1) Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph
2) Combats disease
3) Maintains tissue fluid balance
4) Absorbs dietary fats from the digestive tract.

Question 25

Respiratory System (2 functions)

Answer 25

1) Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air 2) Regulates blood pH.

Question 26

Digestive System (3 functions)

Answer 26

1) Performs mechanical and chemical processes of - digestion 2) absorption of nutrients 3) elimination of wastes

Question 27

Nervous System (3 functions)

Answer 27

1) Detects sensations and controls movements 2) physiological processes 3) Intellectual functions

Question 28

Endocrine System (3 main functions)

Answer 28

1) Influences metabolism 2) Influences growth 3) Influences reproduction

Question 29

Cardiovascular System (3 main functions)

Answer 29

1) Transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body. 2) Plays a role in the immune response. 3) Plays a role in the regulation of body temperature

Question 30

Urinary System (2 main functions)

Answer 30

1) Removes waste products from the blood 2) Regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance

Question 31

Female Reproductive System (3 functions)

Answer 31

1) Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development 2) Produces milk for the newborn 3) Produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors.

Question 32

Male Reproductive System (2 functions)

Answer 32

1) Produces and transfers sperm cells to the female 2) Influences sexual funtions and behaviors

Question 33

Characteristics of Life (List 6)

Answer 33

1) Organization 2) Metabolism 3) Responsiveness 4) Growth - increase in size and number of cells 5) Development - the changes an organism experiences through time. 6) Reproduction