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Parasitology I > Basic terms > Flashcards

Basic terms Flashcards

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1
Q

An association, either permanent or temporary, between two organisms of different species.

A

Symbiosis

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2
Q

Members of a symbiotic relationship are called?

A

symbionts

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3
Q

A short term relationship in which one symbiont benefits at the expense of the other

A

Predator-prey

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4
Q

What is an example of a predator-prey symbiosis?

A

The tiger is the predator of the water buffalo, its prey

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5
Q

A relationship in which the smaller member of the relationship is mechanically carried about by the larger member.

A

Phoresis

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6
Q

What is an example of a phoresis symbiosis?

A

The bacterium that causes pink eye, Moraxella bovis, is carried about on the legs of the facefly, Musca autumnalis

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7
Q

an association between two organisms of different species in which both are benefited

A

mutualism

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8
Q

What is an example of Mutualism

A

tick birds feed on the parasites that rhinos carry. rhinos no longer suffer from parasites.
or ciliates in rumen of cow

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9
Q

an association between two organisms of different species in which one partner is benefited and the other is neither benefited nor harmed

A

Commensalism

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10
Q

what is an example of commensalism

A

sharks and remoras

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11
Q

an association between two organisms of different species in which one member lives on the other member and may cause harm.

A

Parasitism

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12
Q

this association implies a metabolic dependency

A

parasitism

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13
Q

The organisms that the parasite lives in or on

A

host

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14
Q

the organism that lives on/in another organism and causes harm

A

parasite

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15
Q

An association between 2 organisms of different species in which one organism is potentially pathogenic, but does not cause outward signs of disease

A

Parasitiasis

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16
Q

what is an example of parasitiasis

A

healthy cattle on pasture harbor parasites in GI tract but show not outward symptoms of disease

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17
Q

an association between 2 organisms of different species in which one organism injures the other and produces outward signs of parasitism

A

Parasitosis

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18
Q

what is an example of parasitosis

A

emaciated cow showing signs of parasitism

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19
Q

study of parasitic relationships

A

parasitology

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20
Q

a parasite that lives within the body of the host

A

endoparasite

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21
Q

what is an example of an endoparasite

A

canine heartworms, Dirofilaria immitis

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22
Q

a parasite that lives on the outside of the body of the host

A

ectoparasite

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23
Q

What is an example of an ectoparasite

A

Ctenocephalalides felis, fleas

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24
Q

a parasite that has wandered into an organ or tissue in which it does not ordinarily live

A

erratic/ aberrant parasite

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25
what is an example of an erratic parasite
Cuterebra species in the brain of a dog
26
a parasite in a host in which it does not usually live
incidental parasite
27
give an example of an incidental parasite
heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, in human beings
28
an organism that is capable of living either free or as a parasite
facultative parasite
29
give an example of a facultative parasite
Naegleria sp.- free living soil ameobae that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in human beings
30
an organism that must live a parasitic existence
obligatory parasite
31
give an example of an obligatory parasite
canine heartworms, Dirofilaria immitis, in dogs
32
a parasite that makes short visits to its host to obtain nourishment or some other benefit
periodic parasite
33
what is an example of a periodic parasite
mosquitos feeding on human beings
34
an object mistaken for a parasite
pseudoparasite
35
example of a pseudoparasite
a pollen grain in a fecal
36
the development of a parasite through its various life stages
life cycle
37
the host that harbors the larval, asexual, or immature stages of the parasite
intermediate host
38
give an example of an intermediate host
mosquitos are the intermediate host for the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis
39
the host that harbors the adult, sexual or mature stages of the parasite
definitive host
40
give an example of a definitive host
the dog is the definitive host for the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis
41
the first host parasitized by the larval stages of the parasite
first intermediate host
42
the second host parasitized by the larval stages of the parasite
second intermediate host
43
Give an example of a first intermediate host
the snail is the first intermediate host for the "lizard poisoning fluke," Platynosomum fastosum
44
give an example of a second intermediate host
the lizard (anole) is the second intermediate host for the "lizard poisoning fluke," Platynosomum fastosum
45
an intermediate host in which the parasite does not undergo any further development, usually remaining encysted until the definitive hosts eats it.
Transport or paratenic host
46
give an example of a paratenic host
a mouse infected with larvae of the canine roundworm, Toxocara canis
47
a vertebrate host in which a parasite or disease occurs naturally and which is a source of infection for human beings and their domestic animals, as the case may be
reservoir host
48
give an example of a reservoir host
Birds are hosts for Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis
49
parasitism by an internal parasite
infection
50
what is an example of an Infection
canine roundworms infect dogs
51
parasitism by an external parasite
Infestation
52
give an example of a parasite that can cause an infestation
fleas infest dogs
53
any disease that is transmissible from lower animals to human beings
zoonosis
54
give an example of zoonosis
rabies (and plague and trichinosis)
55
a name comprised of two latin words usually written in italics or underlined that can universally identify an organism
Scientific Name
56
what are the components of a scientific name>
Genus and species
57
part of scientific name that indicates the group to which a particular type of animal belongs
Genus
58
the specific epithet that identifies the animal itself; part of the scientific name
species
59
name the 5 kingdoms
Pants, animals, fungi, protists, and monerans
60
Name the order of classification that all living organisms follow (K.P.C.O.F.G.S.)
Kingdom>Phylum>Class> Order> Family> Genus>species
61
How many different ways can a parasite injure it's host?
12- be able to name all 12
62
Parasites may feed on ____, _____, or _____.
blood, lymph, or exudates
63
Parasites may feed on _____ _____, either directly or after liquefying them.
solid tissues
64
parasites may ____ with the host for the food it has ingested, either by ingesting the intestinal contents or by absorbing them through the body wall
compete
65
Parasites may cause _____ _____ of the intestine, bile ducts, blood vessels, lymph channels, bronchi, or other body channels
mechanical obstruction
66
parasites may produce ___ atrophy
pressure
67
parasites may ____ host cells by growing inside them
destroy
68
parasites may produce various ___ substances, such as hemolysins, histolysins, and anticoagulants.
toxic
69
parasites may produce ___ reactions
allergic
70
parasites may produce various host reactions such as: ____, _____, ____, and ____ formation
inflammation, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and nodule
71
parasites may (directly or indirectly) promote the ____ transformation of cells
neoplastic
72
parasites may carry ____ and other parasites including malaria, wuine influenza, salmon poisoning, and heartworm.
diseases

Parasitology I (3 decks)

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