Basic Theory

Question 1

Scalar

Answer 1

A quantity that only represents magnitude. ex., time, temp, or volume

Question 2

Vector

Answer 2

A quantity that represents magnitude and direction. ex., displacement, velocity, acceleration, or force

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

The quantity of molecular material that comprises an object

Question 4

Volume

Answer 4

The amount of space occupied by an object

Question 5

Density

Answer 5

Mass per unit volume. Expresses weight and force

P=mass/volume

Question 6

Force

Answer 6

Is mass times acceleration

F=MxA

Question 7

Weight

Answer 7

Is the force with which a mass is attracted toward the center of the Earth by gravity

Question 8

Moment

Answer 8

Is created when force is applied from an axis or fulcrum, and tends to produce rotation about that point

Question 9

Work

Answer 9

Is done when a force acts on a body and moves it.

W=FxS

Question 10

Power

Answer 10

The rate of doing work

P=W/T

Question 11

Energy

Answer 11

A scalar measure of the body’s capacity to do work

Potential and kinetic

Conservation energy= energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but transferred from one to another

TE=PE+KE

Question 12

Potential Energy

Answer 12

The ability of a body to do work because of its position or state of being

PE=weight x height = mgh

Question 13

Kinetic Energy

Answer 13

The ability of a body to do work because of its motion

KE=1/2 mV^2

Question 14

Newton’s Law of Equilibrium

Answer 14

A body at rest tends to stay at rest and a body in motion tends to remain in motion in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by some unbalanced force

Question 15

The requirements for a plane to be in equilibrium

Answer 15

The sum of all forces AND the sum of all moments around the center of gravity are equal to zero

Question 16

The requirements for a plane to be in trimmed flight

Answer 16

The sum of all moments around the center of gravity is equal to zero

Question 17

Newton’s Law of Acceleration

Answer 17

An unbalanced force (F) acting on a body produces an acceleration (a) in the direction of the force that is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass (m) of the body

a= F/M

Question 18

Newton’s Law of Interaction

Answer 18

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 19

Static Pressure

Answer 19

The pressure particles of air exert on adjacent bodies

Question 20

Air Density

Answer 20

The total mass of air particles per unit of volume

Question 21

Temperature

Answer 21

A measure of the average random kinetic energy of air particles

Question 22

Humidity

Answer 22

The amount of water vapor in the air

Question 23

Viscosity

Answer 23

Is a measure of the air’s resistance to flow and shearing

Question 24

Local speed of sound

Answer 24

Is the rate at which sound waves travel through a particular air mass

Question 25

The values of standard atmosphere

Answer 25

A set of reference conditions giving representative values of air properties as a function of altitude

Question 26

The General Gas Law

Answer 26

The relationships between the three properties of air: pressure, density, and air PV=nRT

Question 27

Steady Airflow

Answer 27

Exists if at every point in the airflow static pressure, density, temperature, and velocity remain constant over time

Question 28

Streamline

Answer 28

Is the path that air particles follow in steady airflow

Question 29

Streamtube

Answer 29

Streamlines which contains a flow just as effectively as a tube with solid walls

Question 30

Pressure Altitude

Answer 30

The height above the standard datum plane

Question 31

Density Altitude

Answer 31

The altitude in the standard atmosphere where the air density is equal to local air density

Question 32

Indicated Airspeed

Answer 32

The actual instrument indication of the dynamic pressure the airplane is exposed to during flight IAS

Question 33

Calibrated Airspeed

Answer 33

When indicated airspeed is corrected for error CAS

Question 34

Equivalent Airspeed

Answer 34

Is the true airspeed at sea level on a standard day that produces the same dynamic pressure as the actual flight condition

Question 35

True Airspeed

Answer 35

Is the actual velocity at which an airplane moves through an air mass TAS

Question 36

Ground Speed

Answer 36

The airplanes actual speed over the ground

Question 37

An Aircraft

Answer 37

Any device used or intended to be used for flight in the air

Question 38

An Airplane

Answer 38

A mechanically driven fixed-wing aircraft, heavier than air, which is supported by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings

Question 39

The five components of an airplane

Answer 39

Engine, landing gear, empennage, fuselage, wing

Question 40

The airplane three-axis reference system

Answer 40

Lateral (pitch), longitudinal (roll/bank), vertical (yaw)

Question 41

Chord Line

Answer 41

Is an infinitely long and straight line which passes through its leading and trailing edges

Question 42

Chord

Answer 42

The precise measurement between the leading and trailing edges measured along the chord lines

Question 43

Root Chord

Answer 43

The chord at the wing centerline

Question 44

Tip Chord

Answer 44

The measure at the wingtip

Question 45

Average Chord

Answer 45

The average of every chord from the wing root to the wingtip

Question 46

Mean Camber Line

Answer 46

The line halfway between the upper and lower surface of an airfoilIs

Question 47

Spanwise Flow

Answer 47

Airflow that travels along the span of the wing, parallel to the leading edge

Question 48

Chordwise Flow

Answer 48

Air flowing at right angles to the leading edge of an airfoil

Question 49

Pitch Attitude

Answer 49

The angle between an airplane's longitudinal axis and the horizon

Question 50

Flight Path

Answer 50

The path described by its center of gravity as it moves through an air mass

Question 51

Relative Wind

Answer 51

The airflow that the airplane experiences as it moves through the air

Question 52

Angle of Attack (AoA)

Answer 52

Is the angle between the relative wind and the chord line

Question 53

Angle of Incidence

Answer 53

Is the angle between the airplane's longitudinal axis and the chord line of the wing

Question 54

Dihedral Angle

Answer 54

The angle between the spanwise inclination of the wing and the lateral axis Its the upward slope of the wing when viewed from the front

Question 55

wingspan

Answer 55

The length of a wing, measured from wingtip to wingtip

Question 56

Wing Area

Answer 56

The apparent surface area of a wing from the wingtip to wingtip

Question 57

Wing Loading

Answer 57

Is the ratio of an airplane's weight to the surface area of its wings WL=W/S

Question 58

Sweep Angle

Answer 58

Is the angle between the lateral axis and a line drawn 25% aft of the leading edge

Question 59

Aspect Ratio

Answer 59

Is the ratio of the wingspan to the average chord