Basics

Question 1

what is mycology?

Answer 1

is the study of fungi & fungus disease

Question 2

fungi types ?

Answer 2

1. saprophytic
   2.parasitic
2. commensals

Question 3

differ fungi from other organisms ?

Answer 3

1. fungi have eukaryotic cell structure
   2.have rigid wall ( chitin & glucan )
   3.cell membrane contain ergestrol
   4.chemo hetrophes
2. majorty are obligate aerobes

Question 4

cell wall of fungi composed of ?

Answer 4

glucan and chitin

Question 5

cell membrane of fungi contains ?

Answer 5

ergsterols

Question 6

fungi are eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 6

eukaryotic

Question 7

chemo trophes means ?

Answer 7

requires organic compounds for both carbon and energy sources

Question 8

fungi can grow on (media)?

Answer 8

simple culture media

Question 9

saprophytic fungi optimum temperature of growth?

Answer 9

(20-30 c )

Question 10

parasitic fungus optimum temperature of growth ?

Answer 10

(30-37c)

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE ?

fungi grow rate is slower than bacteria

Answer 11

true

Question 12

fungi reproduce by ?

Answer 12

both sexual and asexual

Question 13

Anamorph

Answer 13

an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like.an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like.

Question 14

Teleomorph

Answer 14

the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body

Question 15

Holomorph

Answer 15

the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph

Question 16

asexual reproduction methods ?

Answer 16

budding
fragmentation

Question 17

more than …….. fungi species are known ?

Answer 17

200.000

Question 18

more than ….. fungi species are responsible for human infection?

Answer 18

100 species

Question 19

fungi classification (according to structure) ?

Answer 19

1.yeast
2. mold or filamentous fungi
3. dimorphic (have yeast and filamentous fungi)

Question 20

yeasts are uni or multicellular?

Answer 20

unicellular

Question 21

yeast size ?

Answer 21

3-15 mm

Question 22

yeast reproduce ?

Answer 22

asexually by budding to form blastoconidia

Question 23

definition of blastoconidia?

Answer 23

An asexual conidium that forms by a blowing out or budding process
ex : yeast

Question 24

pseudohyphe ?

Answer 24

elongation of blastoconidia

Question 25

what is an example of blastoconidia ?

Answer 25

yeasts such as : C albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 26

Pseudohyphae

Answer 26

resemble elongated yeast cells that remain attached to one another

Question 27

a few pathogenic yeast form capsule (emalple ) ?

Answer 27

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 28

moulds are ?

Answer 28

multicellular

Question 29

( TRUE OR FALSE) moulds forms hyphe

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Hyphe are

Answer 30

long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus

Question 31

(TRUE OR FALSE ) Hyphae are the tubular projections of multicellular fungi that form a filamentous network (mycelium )

Answer 31

True

Question 32

mycelium are ?

Answer 32

mass of branching intertwind hyphe

Question 33

the types of hyphe of many pathogenic moulds are ?

Answer 33

septate aseptate

Question 34

define septate and aseptate hyphe ?

Answer 34

septate : divided into cells by septa . aseptate : without septa (ceocnocytic hyphhe) feature of zygomycetes .

Question 35

ceocnocytic hyphe

Answer 35

Hyphae without septae (Aseptate hyphe)

Question 36

mycelium types :

Answer 36

1.aerial mycelium 2. vegetative mycelium

Question 37

what is the difference between vegetative and aerial mycelia?

Answer 37

The portion of the mycelium that anchors the mold and absorbs nutrients is called the vegetative mycelium ; the portion that produces asexual reproductive spores is termed the aerial mycelium.

Question 38

sporangiospore

Answer 38

The asexual propagules that form inside a sporangium, which can be mostly spherical or cylindrical, through a process involving cleavage of the cytoplasm

Question 39

rhizoids

Answer 39

root like structure

Question 40

rhizoids located at ?

Answer 40

base of sporangiospore or along the hyphe

Question 41

dimorphism ?

Answer 41

Fungi that have the ability to exist in two forms depending on growth conditions.

Question 42

dimohic shape of fungi ( according to temperature?)

Answer 42

Yeast /tissue phase – grows best at 37°C . Mould phase – grows best at room temperature or 30°C

Question 43

positive effect of fungi

Answer 43

Industrial uses of fungi : -Natural food supply for wild animals. - Yeast as food supplement. -Supplies vitamins. - Fungi used to alter texture, improve flavor of natural and processed foods.

Question 44

negative effect of fungi

Answer 44

1 -plant pathology . 2-human pathogens. 3- immunosuppressed patients increased ability to have fungal infections.