Basics Flashcards
(19 cards)
Anatomy
Structure of body parts, aka morphology (form)
Physiology
Function of body parts, what they do and how
Homeostasis
Tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced, internal environment; “sameness”
Levels of Organization
Atoms, Molecules, Macromolecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissue, Organs, Systems (11), Organism
What is the only system that can be completely removed and you would still be able to live?
Reproduction
ATP
Energy the body needs to function
Requirements of Human Life
Oxygen- required to make ATP
Nutrients- water, food, and vitamins
Temperature- narrow range
Atmospheric Pressure- pressure necessary for breathing
Functions of Human Life
Organization- cells, tissue, organs
Metabolism- chemical reactions
Responsiveness- sense changes
Movement- change direction, motion of internal parts
Growth- increase in size or number of cells
Reproduction- passing DNA to new individuals
Development- changes in body
Differentiation- cell takes on a specific role
Feedback Loop
Cause and effect
Positive Feedback Loop
Amplify or increase the occurrence of events (basic cycle)
Negative Feedback Loop
Self-regulating systems trying to be balanced (if-then cycle)
Sensors
Receptors- detect conditions, information is relayed to the brain
Set Point
Normal range that an environmental parameter is to be controlled
Effectors
Muscles or glands that respond to deviation from the set point
Body Membranes
Cover organs and line body cavities
Serous Membrane
Smooth, 2 layers, covers organs
Serous Fluid
Lubricating Fluid
Outer Serous Layer
Parietal layer (lines the cavity)
Inner Serous Layer
Visceral layer (lines the organ)
