Basics

Question 1

Describe the general configuration of an insect.

Answer 1

Question 2

What are the main functions of the insect head? What structures are attached to it?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are antennae used for?
Describe the 3 parts of an antenna.
What typically covers the surface of antennae?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the 2 types of insect eyes, and what do they do?

Answer 4

Question 5

Describe the structure of an insect eye

Answer 5

Question 6

Name and describe the 4 components that make up the mouthparts of every insect.
What are the 4 basic functional configurations of mouthparts?

Answer 6

Question 7

What are the 2 major types of mouthparts?

Answer 7

all types of mouthparts include mandibles, not just mandibulate!

Question 8

What is the main function of the thorax and what is attached to it?

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the 3 segments of the thorax?
What is attached to each one?

Answer 9

Question 10

Describe the 5 components of insect legs.
What is special about the 5th one?

Answer 10

Question 11

Name some types of functional specializations of insect legs. Use appropriate terminology.

Answer 11

Question 12

What are the proper terms for the front and hind wings? Where (specifically) are they attached?

Answer 12

Question 13

Describe the 5 types of wing modifications in insects. Say what groups have them if possible.

Answer 13

Question 14

What functions are contained in an insect’s abdomen?
What part of the respiratory system is also present on the exterior of the abdomen?

Answer 14

Question 15

Are there legs present on the abdomen?
What are prolegs?

Answer 15

Question 16

What are caudal appendages?
Describe 3 types of caudal appendages using appropriate terms.

Answer 16

Question 17

Define each type of legs

saltatorial
cursorial
fossorial
ambulatory
raptorial

Answer 17

saltatorial - jumping
cursorial - running
fossorial - digging
ambulatory - walking
raporial - grasping

Question 18

What are the 2 features that make the insect exoskeleton hard, yet flexible?

Answer 18

Question 19

What are the two primary components that make up the exoskeleton material?

Answer 19

Question 20

What additional types structures may be present on the body wall?

Answer 20

Question 21

Describe the insect circulatory system using these terms:

dorsal vessel
dorsal aorta
ostia
haemolymph

Answer 21

Question 22

Describe the layout and function of the insect respiratory system using appropriate terminology.

Answer 22

Question 23

Describe the layout and function of the insect nervous system using appropriate terminology.

Answer 23

Question 24

Describe the 3 sections of the insect digestive system.

Answer 24

Question 25

What does this diagram represent with respect to insects?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is the most notable difference between the insect reproductive system and that of "higher" organisms?

Answer 26

Question 27

What are the advantages to female insects being able to store sperm in her spermatheca? How does this affect population growth?

Answer 27

Question 28

# Describe these 4 reproductive terms that apply to insects Parthenogenesis Oviparous Ovoviviparous Paedogenesis

Answer 28

Question 29

Why is temperature so important to insects? Describe this chart. What are 2 adaptations insects have evolved to help with temperature?

Answer 29

Question 30

By what mechanism do insects grow (2 terms)? Why do they have to do this?

Answer 30

Question 31

What happens to the insects parts during a molt? What is left behind? What are 2 terms to describe the insect after it emerges from a molt?

Answer 31

## Footnote midgut is the *only* part not replaced

Question 32

What are 5 biotic and 2 abiotic factors that influence molting?

Answer 32

Question 33

What is it called when molting only results in a change in body size?

Answer 33

Question 34

What are 3 terms used to describe a molt that increases body size and also adds wings? What are the new wings called when they begin to form? What are the 3 main stages of this lifecycle?

Answer 34

Question 35

What are 2 terms used to describe a molt that results in a complete change in body form? What are the 4 stages of this life cycle? What happens during the 3rd stage?

Answer 35

Question 36

Describe the terms 'Instar' and 'Stadium'

Answer 36

Question 37

Describe hemimetabolous development in general terms. stages wing development resting stage nymph/adult comparison (form, resource needs)

Answer 37

Question 38

Describe holometabolous development in general terms. stages wing develoment resting stage larva/adult comparison (form, resource needs)

Answer 38

Question 39

Name 5 orders that undergo hemimetabolous development.

Answer 39

Question 40

Name 5 orders that undergo holometabolous development.

Answer 40

Question 41

What evolutionary reasons do insects have for going through metamorphosis, given how vulnerable they are during that time?

Answer 41

## Footnote some insects time resting stages of development to coincide with dormant seasons, etc.

Question 42

Name and describe 2 types of resting stages that insects undergo.

Answer 42