BASICS OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Flashcards
what does the concept of anatomy focus on?
it focuses on the structure of systems in the body
what does the concept of physiology focus on?
it focuses on the function and processes of the body
what are the 6 levels of organization?
- chemical 2. cell 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. Organ Systems 6. Organism
There are 3 levels of anatomy what are they?
- Developmental Anatomy 2. Gross Anatomy 3. Surface anatomy
What is developmental anatomy
This looks at the structural changes that happen between conception(birth) and adulthood.
What is Gross anatomy
This is looking at structures that do not need a microscope (don’t want to look at it because its gross)
What is surface anatomy?
This looks at the deeper structures of the body by just looking at the surface-
e.g by looking at this hand, I can infer there is a knuckle
Give an example of developmental anatomy ?
Can be embryology as it looks at the development of an embryo from the 1st week to the 8th week of development
Give an example of surface anatomy ?
This can be anatomical imaging which looks at the surface and goes deeper into internal structures
Name the 3 levels of Physiology?
Excersise Physiology Cell Physiology and Systemic Physiology
What is Systemic Physiology?
This looks at the function and processes of organ systems
What is Exercise Physiology?
This looks at the changes in structure and function and processes in the body during exercise
e.g the build up of lactic acid in muscles causing it to cramp up STRUCTURE muscles FUNCTION- it cramps up
what is the importance of physiology?
by looking physiology we are able to understand and predict ho w we respond to stimuli
and understand how the body reaches homeostasis.
What are the 11 Organ systems in the body
INTEGUMENTARY NERVOUS RESPIRATORY LYMPHATIC CARDIOVASULAR SKELETAL MUSCULAR ENDORCINE DIGESTIVE URINARY REPRODUCTIVE
What are the 6 signs that we are alive (Characteristics of Life)
- Metabolise 2. Responsiveness 3. Growth 4. Develop 5. Reproduce 6. Organise
What is Homeostasis?
It is is the regulation or maintenance of the conditions inside the body.
For Homeostasis to occur in the body what are some controls it should have?
Should have
- a variable to focus on
- a set point
- a range of deviation
- feedback mechanisms
What is negative feedback and positive feedback
Negative feedback - decreases the deviation from the setpoint
Positive feedback- increases the deviation from set point
What systems are needed in the body that carry out homeostasis
- Receptors, Control Center, Effectors, Adequate Response
What is negative and positive feedback in homeostasis
- negative feedback decreases the deviation from the set point
- positive feedback increases the deviation from the set point
Give an example of positive feedback
Blood Clotting- The enzyme thrombin produces more tblood clots to stop bleeding
Childbirth- due to the heavy weight of the baby on the uterus wall contractions are induced, the
