Basics of everything Flashcards
All coagulation drug names
Heparin, warfarin, lovenox, rivaroxaban, fondaparinux, dabigatran, clopidogrel, aspirin, dipyridamole, alteplase
Main coagulation drug side effect
Risk for bleeding.
Specific side effect of heparin
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Specific side effect of warfarin
Purple toes syndrome
Contraindication of Warfarin
Pregnancy
Contraindication of Heparin
Epidural
Warfarin antidote
Vitamin K
Heparin and LMWH antidote
Protamine
What is the pharmacological action for anticoagulant drugs
Prevent clot formation
What are the 2 antiplatelet drugs and what is their pharmacological action
Aspirin and Clopidogrel. Stop platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
What is the only drug that breaks up clots
Alteplase
What needs to be monitored in hyperkalemia and hypokalemia
Cardiac problems (dysrrhythmias)
What needs to be monitored in hypernatremia and hyponatremia
Neuro checks (lethargy, headache, confusion)
Symptoms of hypomagnesemia
Tremors, spasms
Adverse effects of potassium
GI including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
Symptoms of hyperkalemia
General fatigue, palpitations and paralysis. GENERALLY CARDIAC RELATED
Symptoms of hypokalemia
Muscle weakness, hypotension, lethargy. Cardiac irregularities.
Symptoms of hypernatremia
Cramps, headache, lethargy, possible intracranial hemorrhage.
Symptoms of hyponatremia
Lethargy, hypotension, stomach cramps, seizures.
4 types of diuretics
LOST - Loop, osmotic, spironolactone, thiazide
Example of loop diuretic and pharmacological action
Furosemide. Increases effectiveness of kidneys (potassium wasting)
Example of osmotic diuretic and pharmacological action
Mannitol. Increase thickness of filtrate in kidneys, decreases swelling and pressure in eyes/brain
Spironolactone pharmacological action
Blocks effect of aldosterone, eliminates sodium and water. POTASSIUM SPARING
Thiazide diuretic example and pharmacological action
Hydrochlorothiazide. Inhibits reabsorption of sodium chloride
