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Circuits > Batteries > Flashcards

Batteries Flashcards

1
Q

Who created the first battery?

A

Alessandro Volta

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2
Q

How was the first battery constructed?

A

It was constructed using zinc and silver discs separated by a piece of cardboard soaked in brine (saltwater).

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3
Q

True or False. A battery is several cells connected together

A

True

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4
Q

What is a voltaic cell?

A

A device that converts chemical energy into electric energy

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5
Q

How can a voltaic cell be constructed?

A

It can be constructed with any two unlike metals and an acid, alkaline, or salt solution.

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6
Q

Is the common battery people use for things like flashlights or toys a single cell or multiple cells?

A

Single cell

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7
Q

The amount of voltage produced by an individual cell is determined by what?

A

The materials from which it is made.

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8
Q

What is the electromotive series of metals?

A

A list of metals in order of their ability to accept or retrieve electrons. The metals at the top accept electrons more easily than those at the bottom.

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9
Q

The ________ apart metals are on the electromotive series the _______ the voltage.

A

Farther, higher.

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10
Q

What was one of the first practical cells to be produced?

A

Zinc-copper cells

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11
Q

Are all combinations of metals practical for cell creation?

A

No. Some combos corrode rapidly when placed in electrolyte solution and some produce chemical reactions that cause a buildup in resistance.

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12
Q

What is a primary cell?

A

A cell that cannot be recharged

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13
Q

What is a secondary cell?

A

A cell that can be recharged

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14
Q

What is one of the first primary cells created? Who created it?

A

Carbon-zinc cells. Leclanche

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15
Q

Why are carbon-zinc cells referred to as a dry cell?

A

The electrolyte is a paste instead of a liquid. This permits the cell to be used in any position without spilling the electrolyte.

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16
Q

What do alkaline cells use?

A

Zinc can (negative electrode) and manganese dioxide (positive electrode)

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17
Q

What is the major advantage and disadvantage of an alkaline cell?

A

The major advantage is longer life and the major disadvantage is cost.

18
Q

Alkaline cells are generally (rechargeable/non-rechargeable)

A

Non-rechargeable

19
Q

What are button cells typically made of?

A

Mercuric oxide (anode), zinc (cathode), and potassium hydroxide (electrolyte).

20
Q

What is another type of button cell that is more expensive?

A

Silver-zinc cell

21
Q

Lithium cells usually have voltages that range from _______ to _______

A

1.9 volts to 3.6 volts

22
Q

What is current capacity?

A

The amount of energy a cell can deliver

23
Q

The amount of current a particular cell can deliver is determined by ……

A

The surface area of its plates

24
Q

What are two common ratings for primary cells?

A

Milliampere hour and watt-hours

25
Q

How can watt-hours be determined?

A

By multiplying the cell’s milliampere-hour rating by its terminal voltage.

26
Q

What is internal resistance?

A

The resistance inherent to a power source

27
Q

True or False. Some cells have internal resistance

A

False. ALL cells have some amount of internal resistance

28
Q

As cells age, they become (more/less) conductive which results in an (increase/decrease) in internal resistance.

A

Less. Increase

29
Q

A single lead acid cell consists of ________

A

One plate of pure lead, one plate of lead dioxide, and an electrolyte of dilute sulfuric acid.

30
Q

What is specific gravity?

A

A measure of the amount of acid contained in the water.

31
Q

What is a discharge cycle?

A

When a battery releases its stored energy into through a load.

32
Q

What is a charging cycle?

A

When a generator or power supply discharges into the battery. The revere chemical action of a discharge cycle.

33
Q

Overcharge a secondary cell causes what to form?

A

Hydrogen gas

34
Q

The accepted temperature for most lead acid cells _______

A

110 degrees F

35
Q

What are gel cells?

A

A cell in which sulfuric acid electrolyte is suspended in an immobilized gelatin state. This prevents spillage and permits the battery to be used in any position.

36
Q

What is an AGM battery?

A

A lead acid battery that does not spill sulfate or degrade like a common flooded cell battery.

37
Q

What are three advantages of AGM batteries?

A
  • They exhibit a longer life span
  • They have a lower resistance
  • They have a longer shelf life
38
Q

What are two common ratings for lead-acid batteries?

A

Ampere-hour ratings and cold cranking amperes

39
Q

What is an ampere-hour rating?

A

The battery’s ability to produce a current for a 20 hour period at 80 degrees fareneheit

40
Q

What are cold-cranking amperes?

A

The maximum amount of initial current the battery can supply at 68 degrees fahrenheit.

41
Q
A

Circuits (10 decks)

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