Bbh

Question 1

Condensation reaction

Answer 1

H20 removed to join two monomers by chemical bonds

Question 2

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 2

H20 added to break two monomers by chemical bonds

Question 3

Carbohydrates consist of only and are

Answer 3

Hydrogen oxygen carbon
Long chains of sugar- saccarides
1 mono 2 di more poly

Question 4

Mono can join to form di and poly by ———- which are ——

Answer 4

Glycosidic bonds which are formed in condensation reactions

Question 5

——is a monosaccharide containing—- carbon atoms in each molecule, it is the ————————————

Answer 5

Glucose, 6, main substrate for respiration

Question 6

G’s 2 isomers

Answer 6

Beta and alpha

Question 7

Alpha structure starting from the right and going clockwise

Answer 7

CH2OH
          |
         H ————— O     
     /                              \
  H                                 H
  |                                    |
OH       OH         H       OH
    \          |            |        /
      —————————
               |            |
              H        OH

Question 8

Beta structure starting from the right and going clockwise

Answer 8

CH2OH
          |
         H ————— O     
     /                              \
  H                                 OH
  |                                    |
OH       OH         H        H
    \          |            |        /
      —————————
               |            |
              H        OH

Question 9

Maltose is a di formed

Answer 9

By Condensation of two glucose molecules

Question 10

Sucrose is a di formed

Answer 10

By Condensation of glucose and fructose

Question 11

Lactose is a di formed

Answer 11

By Condensation of glucose and galactose

Question 12

Glycogen and starch

Answer 12

Formed by the condensation of alpha glucose

Question 13

Cellulose

Answer 13

Formed by the condensation of beta glucose

Question 14

Glycogen __________ in animals formed from many molecules of __________ joined together with ________________ bonds
Has a large number of side branches meaning glucose and therefore energy released

Answer 14

Is the main storage molecule for animals, alpha glucose, 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic,

Question 15

Starch store energy mixture of two polysaccharide

Answer 15

Amylose and amylopectin

Question 16

AMAYLOSE- amylose is an ______ of ______molecules joined by ________, as a result of that amylose is _____ and thus it is a very ______ ______ meaning it can _______

Answer 16

unbranched chain, glucose, 1,4
glycosidic bonds, coiled, compact
molecule, store a lot of energy

Question 17

AMYLOPECTIN- is ______ and is made up of ______ molecules joined by ___ and __ ______ bonds, due to the presence of many ____ _____ it is rapidly digested
by _______ therefore energy is _______ ________

Answer 17

branched, glucose, 1,4, side branches, enzymes, released quickly

Question 18

CELLULOSE is a component of cells walls in plants and it’s composed of ____, _______ ______ of ____ glucose which are joined by ________ bonds.

Answer 18

long, unbranched

chains, beta, glycosidic

Question 19

MICROFIBRILS are ______ threads
which are made of ____ ________ chains joined together by ______ bonds and they
provide _______ support in plants cells

Answer 19

strong, long cellulose, hydrogen, structural

Question 20

INORGANIC IONS occur in _____in the _______ and ____ _____ of _______, some in ____
concentrations and others in ____ ___ concentrations.

Answer 20

solution, cytoplasm, organisms, high, very low

Question 21

Examples of Cations

Answer 21

• Calcium
• Sodium
• Potassium
• Hydrogen
• Ammonium

Question 22

Examples of Anions

Answer 22

• Nitrate
• Hydrogencarbonate
• Chloride
• Phosphate
• Hydroxide

Question 23

CALCIUM IONS (Ca2+)

Answer 23

• nerve impulse transmission

- muscle contraction

Question 24

SODIUM IONS (Na+)

Answer 24

• nerve impulse transmission

- kidney function

Question 25

POTASSIUM IONS (K+)

Answer 25

- nerve impulse transmission | - stomatal opening

Question 26

HYDROGEN IONS (H+)

Answer 26

- catalysis of reactions | - pH determination

Question 27

AMMONIUM IONS (NH4+)

Answer 27

- production of nitrate ions by bacteria

Question 28

NITRATE IONS (NO3-)

Answer 28

- nitrogen supply to plants for amino acid and protein formation

Question 29

HCO3-

Answer 29

- maintenance of blood pH

Question 30

CHLORIDE IONS (CL-)

Answer 30

- balance positive charge of sodium and potassium ions in cells

Question 31

PO4 3-

Answer 31

- cell membrane formation - nucleic acid and ATP formation - bone formation

Question 32

OH-

Answer 32

- catalysis of reactions | - pH determination