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Bcm Instrumentation Flashcards

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1
Q

Who invented chromatography

A

Mikhail tsvet

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2
Q

Basic principles of chromatography

A

Differential distribution between the stationary n mobile phase

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3
Q

What is the stationary phase for paper chromatography

A

Cellulose acetate

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4
Q

Principle of differential distribution

A

The flow rate of the mobile phase

Retardation brought by the interaction of the solute n stationary phase

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5
Q

The speed of migration of solute depends on

A

Adsorptive affinity

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6
Q

In adsorption mechanism
Solute is separated base on

A

Adsorptive affinity

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7
Q

In partition mechanism solute is separated base on

A

Solubility difference

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8
Q

In exclusive mechanism solute are separated

A

By pore size

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9
Q

The movement of solvent in paper chromatography is through

A

Capillary action

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10
Q

The rate of mobility in paper chromatography is affected by

A

Relative solubility
Polarity of solvent
Polarity of solute

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11
Q

Reagent for paper chromatography

A

10%sulphuric acid exposed to iodine vapour

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12
Q

Thin layer chromatography make use of

A

Finely powered adsorbent such as :silica gel alumina starch biogel

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13
Q

Basic principles for separation of gel filtration is

A

Molecular size

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14
Q

Which separation technique s there no interaction between the solute molecules n stationary phase

A

Gel filtration

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15
Q

Basic principles for ion exchange chromatography

A

Charge to charge interaction

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16
Q

The stationary phase of iec consist of fixed charges know an

A

Resins

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17
Q

Basic principle of gas chromatography

A

Difference in the partition of the various molecules between the two phase

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18
Q

Basic principle for hplc

A

Separation based on relative affinity

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19
Q

What is the bases of hplc separation

A

Distribution of analyte between the mobile n stationary phase

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20
Q

The study of electro magnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by a given chemistal species

A

Spectroscopy

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21
Q

The duration of sample spent on column in hplc is determined by

A

Intermolecular interaction between it molecules and it parking material

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22
Q

What is used for measurements in spectrometer

A

A photo electric cell

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23
Q

What isolate radiant energy and narrow wave length region

A

A prism

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24
Q

What compares the light intensity between ntwo light path one path containing ba reference standard and the other a test sample

A

A double beam spectrometer

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25
What measure the light intensity before and after a test sample has been inserted
Single beam spectrometer
26
The visible region is between
400_700nm
27
Ultra violent region of spectrum is between
400-200nm
28
Infra red region of spectrum is between
700-2000nm
29
Protein in solution have absorbance Maxima of 280nm because of
Because of amino acid with aromatic rings
30
Nucleic acid have an absorbance Maxima of 260nm
Because of the presence of heterocyclic rings
31
Photo metric instrument that measure visible region of spectrum is
Colorimeter
32
Fraction of light absorbed is
Absorbance
33
Fraction of light transmitted is
Transmittance
34
----------state that the absorption of radiant energy is directly proportional to the absorbing species in the sample
Beers law
35
Basic relationship between conc of absorbing species and measured value of absorbed radiation is in which law
Beers law
36
---------------states that the same proportion of incident light will absorbed a unit thickness irrespective of the intensity of light
Lambert law
37
In beer Lambert law A=£cl What is £
Molar extinction
38
----------------states the amount of light transmitted decrease exponentially with an increase in concentration of the solution through which the light passes
Beer Lambert law
39
According to beer Lambert law absorbance is linearly proportional to concentration but only valid for
Low concentration
40
According to beer Lambert high concentration might lead to
Association of molecules
41
________measures the density of light absorbed or transmitted
Spectrum photometry
42
Molecules that are excited by absorbtion of radiation are known as
Chromophore
43
If light is absorbed the molecules is
Excited
44
Absorbtion of longer wavelength such as ultraviolet n visible light is restricted to
Limited number of chromophore
45
What determine the absorption property of chromophore
Chemical structure of the molecule
46
Basic principles of centrifugation technique
Separation of particles based on sedimentation properties
47
Centrifugal equipment used in centrifugation technique
Centrifuge
48
The dense particle of centrifugation is termed
Pellet
49
The less dense part of centrifugation is termed
Supernatant
50
There are two procedure of centrifugation
Preparative Analytical
51
______involvea the study of sedimentation characteristics of biological macro molecules
Analytical technique
52
______involves actual separation isolation and purification of particles such as whole cell an sub cellular organelles
Preparative technique
53
What respond to changes in hydrogen ion concentration
Ph electrode
54
What provide a stable electrical potential
Reference electrode
55
An increase in acidity of solution leads to
Higher concentration of hydrogen ion
56
An increase in alkalinity leads to an
Increase in hydroxyl ions
57
Basic principles of pH meter or potentiometer is based on
Exchange of ions between sample solution and inner solution of electrode
58
The unit of absorbance
Mol-1 cm-1
59
The force required to displaced solvent as the particle move through the centrifugal field
Bouyant force
60
Distribution is quantified using which coefficient
Distribution of partition coefficient
61
Sedimentation of particles is dependent on
Relative centrifugal force
62
Sedimentation coefficient is expressed in
Sverdberg unit
63
_______is a stepwise procedure involving increase centrifugal speed and time
Differential Centrifugation
64
An increase in s value will cause
Particle to sediment fast
65
Centrifugation through dense medium is
Density gradient centrifugation
66
Medium used in density gradient centrifugation
Sucrose Fivoll Precoll Caesuim chloride
67
Two types of density gradient centrifugation are
Rate zonal Isopycnic
68
The ratio of centrifugal force to the force of gravity is
Relative centrifugal force
69
Isopycnic centrifugation is used to separate
Organelles such as Golgi apparatus Mitochondria perisome
70
In which centrifugation is the density of the particles to be separated are greater than the particles of the solvent
Rate zonal density
71
Which gradient marker produce continuous gradient
Sucrose
72
Basic principles of separation of rate zonal density centrifugation
Separation is based on size
73
Rf value is found in which chromatography
Paper chromatography
74
Positively resins are known as
Anion exchange
75
Beer Lambert states that intensity of light increase in respect to
Concentration of species
76
Mathematical expression for absorbance
----logT. Log1/T logIo/I
77
Centrifugation depends on which factors
Viscosity Size Density Shape
78
Which technique is used to detecting and quantifying analyte within a biological sample
Tracer technique
79
Which method is used in detecting an d quantifying analyte within biological sample based on specific antigen to antibody reaction
Immunoassay
80
Components of immunoassay are
Target analyte Antibody Detection label
81
Immune system are made up of
Humoral & cellular
82
ELISA means
Enzymes linked immunosbent assay

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