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F - SCR > BDS4 Seminar 3 - Interceptive Orthodontics > Flashcards

BDS4 Seminar 3 - Interceptive Orthodontics Flashcards

1
Q

what are some anomalies of primary dentition from birth -6yrs?

A
  • Natal teeth
  • Hypodontia
  • Supernumeraries
  • Teeth of abnormal morphology
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2
Q

what might need intercepting?

A
  • Crossbites
  • Digit sucking habits
  • Supernumerary teeth
  • Midline diastema
  • Increased overjet
  • Reverse overjet
  • Increased overbite
  • Early loss of deciduous teeth
  • Developing crowding
  • Poor prognosis first permanent molars
  • Impacted first permanent molars
  • Infra-occluded teeth
  • Hypodontia
  • Delayed eruption
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3
Q

what is this

A

anterior crossbite

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4
Q

what is anterior cross bite and possible problems?

A
  • Abnormal relationship between opposing teeth in a buccopalatal or labiopalatal direction
  • possible problems
    *tooth wear
    *recession
    *displacement on closure
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5
Q

what are favourable features for correction with URA for anterior crossbite??

A

Tooth in x-bite palatally tipped
* Good overbite
* Aids stability
* Adequate space to move forward

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6
Q

what is managment of anterior crossbite?

A
  • URA
  • 2x4 appliance
    *brakcets on incisors and 6’s
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7
Q

What is this?

A

posterior crossbite

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8
Q

what are problems of posterior crossbite?

A
  • Displacement on closure
  • Tooth wear
  • Facial asymmetry
  • Teeth may erupt in “displaced” ICP position
  • TMJ problems?
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9
Q

what is management of posterior cross bite?

A
  • URA
  • Quad helix
  • Rapid Maxillary Expansion
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10
Q

why treat increased overjet in mixed dentition?

A
  • increased trauma risk
  • poor aesthetics
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11
Q

what is aetiology of increased overjet?

A
  • Skeletal
    *Usually class 2
    *Mandibular deficiency most common
  • Soft tissue
    *Lower lip trap
    *Hyperactive lower lip
  • Dental
    *Upper incisor proclination
    *Lingual displacement of lower incisors
    *digit habit
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12
Q

what is management of increased overjet?

A
  • growing patient
    *simple URA retraction of upper incisors
    *attempt growth modifitcation
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13
Q

how does functional applaince work for class II div 1?

A
  • Enhance mandibular growth
  • Restrain maxillary growth
  • Remodel glenoid fossae
  • Retrocline maxillary incisors and
    distalise molars
  • Procline mandibular incisors and
    mesialise molars
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14
Q

what is this

A

reverse overject

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15
Q

problems with reverse overjet?

A
  • Displacement on closure
  • Incisal edge wear
  • Difficulty eating
  • Speech problems?
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16
Q

what is aetiology of reverse overjet?

A
  • Skeletal
    *Class 3 jaw discrepancy
    *Hypoplastic maxilla
    *Prognathic mandible
  • Dental
    *Mandibular displacement
    *Retained upper deciduous
    incisors
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17
Q

what is management of reverse overjet?

A
  • Growing patient
    *Simple proclination of upper incisors (URA)
    *Attempt growth modification
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18
Q

what is growth mod for reverse overjet?

A

Chin strap/cup
Functional appliances
Protraction headgear

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19
Q

what is mode of action for growth modification for reverse overjet?

A
  • Alter force exerted by lips and cheeks
  • Disengage occlusion
  • Face mask pulls directly on maxillary appliance and pushes on lower incisors
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20
Q

what is this?

A

deep overbite

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21
Q

what can deep OB lead to?

A

Palatal ulceration
Gingival stripping

22
Q

how to do interceptive tx for deep overbite?

A
  • URA with FABP
  • Will allow lower molars to erupt
  • Pt must be growing to accommodate the increase in vertical dimension
  • ? Convert to II div 1 and
    Twin block
23
Q

problems with digit sucking?

A
  • Anterior open bite or reduced OB
  • Proclined upper incisors and retroclined lower incisors
  • Increased overjet
  • Posterior cross-bit
24
Q

what is aetiology of digit sucking?

A
  • > 6hrs duration
  • Prevention of eruption of incisors
  • Labio-lingual pressure on incisors
  • Lowering of tongue position
  • unopposed buccinator pressure on UBS’s
25
Q

what is management of digit sucking habit?

A
  • Encourage cessation at
    home initially
  • Habit deterrent appliance
    *Removable
    *Fixed
  • Appliance to deal with
    effect
    *Overjet reduction
    *Cross-bite correction
    *Closure of AOB
26
Q

what are problems of supernumerary teeth?

A
  • Impeded eruption of associated teeth
  • Displaced eruption of adjacent teeth
  • Poor aesthetics
27
Q

what is conical?

A
  • Usually close to midline (mesiodens)
  • Usually 1 or 2 in number
  • Tend not to prevent eruption but may displace centrals
  • Extract only if erupt or impeding tooth movement
28
Q

what is tuberculate?

A
  • Main cause of failure of eruption of central incisors
  • Usually develop palatal to centrals
  • Remove +/- surgical exposure of centrals
29
Q

what is supplemental?

A
  • Normal morphology
  • Tend to extract
  • Decision based on tooth
    form and position
30
Q

what is odontome

A
  • Less common
  • Complex and compound
    forms
31
Q

when is there an increased incidence of supernumerary teeth?

A
  • CLP
  • Cleidocranial dysostosis
32
Q

what is this and problem

A

median diastema

  • poor aesthetics
33
Q

what is aetiology of media diastema?

A
  • Generalised spacing
  • Hypodontia (absent 2s)
  • Midline supernumerary (mesiodens)
  • Proclination of upper incisors
  • Low fraenal attachment
  • Pathology
34
Q

what is management of median diastema?

A
  • None for developmental
  • Surgical removal of supernumeraries
    *not always needed
  • Early closure if severe and child concerned
  • Fraenectomy?
  • Bonded retainer
35
Q

what varies space loss?

A
  • age loss
  • tooth lost
  • upper/lower crowding
36
Q

what is biggest cause of impacted 5’s

A

early loss of E’s

37
Q

what to do?
1. early loss of A’s and B’s
2. early loss of C’s
3.D’s and E’s

A
  1. nothing
  2. balance, don’t compensate
  3. *space loss great in upper
    *consider space maintaine
    *no need balance
38
Q

when use space maintainer?

A
  • Early loss of deciduous teeth
  • Early loss of first permanent molar
  • Traumatic loss or delayed eruption of
    maxillary incisor
  • Preserve Leeway space
  • BUT Good dental health required
39
Q

what is compensating and balancing of 6’s

A
  • upper 6 go don’t compensate
  • lower 6 go consider compensating
  • consider balancing
    *only in lower and if crowded
40
Q

ideal timing for XLA lower 6’s

A
  • bifurcation of 7 is calcifiying
  • age 8-9 years
  • good spontaneous closure between 7 and 5
41
Q

what is effect of early loss and later loss of lower 6’s

A

early
*distal migration of 5

late
*poor spontaneous closure
*mesial tipping and lingual rolling of 7’s

42
Q

what is aetiology of impacted 6’s?

A
  • Eruption angle
  • Ectopic crypt
  • Morphology of second deciduous molar crown
  • Small maxilla
43
Q

what does impacted 6’s result in?

A
  • Pulpitis of E
  • Premature exfoliation of E
44
Q

what is tx options of impacted 6’s?

A
  • Observe ~ 6months
    *66% will disimpact by age 7 years
  • XLA E
    *Regain space for premolar or treat crowding at a later stage
  • Dis-impact
    *Separators
    *Band E and bracket 6 with open coil
    *Discing of E
    *URA with finger spring and attachment on 6
45
Q

what is this?

A

primary molar infra-occlusion

46
Q

what is charcteristicsof primary infra-occlusion

A
  • Lower D most common
  • Mandible > maxilla
  • Percussion sound
  • Blurring or absence of PDL on x-ray
47
Q

what is factors imoportant of primary molar infra-occlusion?

A

key factors
- prescence or absence permanent successor
- degree infra-occlusion

48
Q

what is this?

A

hypodontia

49
Q

for hypodontia what do you exclude and hwat is most common teeth?

A
  • lower 5’s
  • upper 2’s
  • upper 5’s
50
Q

what is interceptive measure for hypodontia?

A
  • Refer as soon as identify
  • Combined Ortho/Paeds monitoring
  • Guidance of eruption of permanent teeth
  • Restorative treatment alone
    *Build-ups
  • Early orthodontics to improve aesthetics
    *e.g. Closure of diastema.

F - SCR (32 decks)

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