Bdt

Question 1

Why are some areas more popular than they used to be

Answer 1

Improvements in transport, which made it quicker and easier to get places
Unusual tourist destinations have got better at marketing themselves, so people are more aware of them
Many countries have invested in tourist infrastructure to make them more attractive for visitors

Question 2

What is attractive about cities for tourists

Answer 2

The culture( museums, art galleries) entertainment(bars theatres) and shopping

Question 3

What is attractive about mountain areas to tourists

Answer 3

Beautiful scenery, activities such as walking, climbing, skiing and snowboarding

Question 4

Why are coastal areas attractive for tourists

Answer 4

The beaches, activities like swimming, fishing, water skiing

Question 5

Why is tourism important for many countries

Answer 5

Creates jobs for local people, helping the economy to grow
Increases income of other businesses that supply the tourism industry, farms supply hotels with food
Poorer countries tend to be more dependent on the income from tourism than richer ones

Question 6

How many tourists visited the uk in 2008

Answer 6

32 mill

Question 7

Why is the uk a popular tourist destination

Answer 7

Countryside, historic landmarks

Question 8

How much money did tourism bring to the uk in 2007 and subsequently how many jobs were created

Answer 8

114 billion creating 1.4mill jobs

Question 9

What affects the number of tourists visiting the uk

Answer 9

Weather, bad weather discourages tourists
World economy, in times of recession people cant afford to have holidays
Exchange rate, the value of the pound compared to other currencies affects the number of tourists, if its low the uk is cheaper to visit
Terrorism and conflict, wars and terrorists mean tourists are less willing to visit affected areas
Major events, olympics and events attract many people who havernt been before

Question 10

What are the 5/6 stages in the tourist area life cycle model

Answer 10

Exploration
Involvement 
Development
Consolidation 
Rejuvenation or stagnation

Question 11

What is the exploration tourist stage

Answer 11

When small numbers of visitors are attracted to the area eg by scenery or culture. There aren’t many tourist facilities

Question 12

What is the involvement stage

Answer 12

Local people start providing facilities fot the tourists, which attracts more visitors

Question 13

What is the development stage

Answer 13

More and more visitors come as more facilities are built. Control of tourism in the area passes from locals to big companies

Question 14

What is the consolidation stage

Answer 14

Tourism is still a big part of the local economy, but tourist numbers are beginning to level off

Question 15

What is the stagnation stage

Answer 15

Visitor numbers have peaked. Facilities are no longer as good and tourists have had a negative impact on the local environment making the area less attractive to visit

Question 16

What is the rejuvenation stage

Answer 16

If the area is rejuvenated then more visitors will come as they are attracted by the new facilities

Question 17

What is mass tourism

Answer 17

Organised tourism for large numbers of people eg visiting spain on a package holiday

Question 18

What are the positive economic impacts of mass tourism

Answer 18

It brings money into the local economy

Creates jobs for local people and increases the income of industries that supple tourism

Question 19

What are the negative economic impacts of tourism

Answer 19

A lot of the profit made from tourism is kept by large travel companies instead of the local economy, leakage

Question 20

Positive social impacts of tourism s

Answer 20

Lots of jobs means young people are more likely to stay in the area
Improved roads, communications and infrastructure for tourists also benefit locals
Income from tourism can be reinvested in local community projects

Question 21

Negative social impacts

Answer 21

Tourism jobs are badly paid and seasonal
Traffic congestion caused by tourists can inconvenience locals
The tourists can behave in an offensive way

Question 22

Positive environmental impacts of tourism

Answer 22

Income from tourism can be reinvested in protecting the environment

Question 23

Negative environmental impacts

Answer 23

Transporting lots of people long distances releases lots of greenhouse gases which cause global warming
Tourism can increase litter and cause pollution
Tourism can lead to the destruction of natural habitats

Question 24

How can the negative impacts of tourism be reduced

Answer 24

Improving public transport encourages tourists to use it which reduces congestion and pollution
Limiting the number of people visiting sensitive environments
Providing lots of bins helps to reduce litter

Question 25

How can areas that rely heavily on tourism make sure tourists keep coming

Answer 25

Build new facilities or improve existing ones Reduce any tourist impacts that make the area less attractive Advertise and market the area Improve transport infrastructure Offer new activities Make it cheaper to visit

Question 26

Why are tourists attracted to extreme environments

Answer 26

Ideal for adventure holiday activities such as rafting, trekking Some people want something different and exciting A lot of people enjoy the element of risk Some wildlife can only be seen in certain extreme conditions Some scenery can only be seen in certain places

Question 27

Why is tourism increasing in extreme environment

Answer 27

Improvements in transport make it quicker and easier People are keen to see places like Antarctica while they have the chance before the ice caps More disposable income Adventure holidays are more popular because tv programmes and advertising

Question 28

Why is tourism in extreme conditions damaging

Answer 28

Tree are cut down as fuel for trekkers, leading to deforestation Deforestation destroys habitats Deforestation means fewer trees to intercept rain, so more water reaches channels causing flooding Tree roots hold soil together so deforestation leads to soil erosion. If soil is washed into rivers it raises the river bed so it cant hold as much water, causing flooding The volume of tourists causes footpath erosion, which can lead to landslides Toilets are poor and non existent, so rivers are polluted by sewage

Question 29

What is ecotourism

Answer 29

Tourism that doesn't harm the environment and benefits local people

Question 30

What does ecotourism involve

Answer 30

Conservation and stewardship

Question 31

What is conservation

Answer 31

Protecting and managing the environment

Question 32

What is stewardship

Answer 32

Taking responsibility for conserving the environment

Question 33

How does ecotourism help keep the environmental impacts of tourism low

Answer 33

It is usually a small scale activity with only small numbers of visitors going to an area at a time

Question 34

What are the environmental benefits of ecotourism

Answer 34

Local people are encouraged to conserve the environment rather than use it for logging or farming It reduces poaching and hunting of endangered species Reduce the use of fossil fuels by using renewable energy sources Waste created is disposed of carefully to prevent pollution

Question 35

Economic Benefits of ecotourism

Answer 35

Creates jobs for local people helping the local economy grow | Local people not directly employed in tourism can also make money by selling local crafts

Question 36

Benefits of ecotourism to local people

Answer 36

Many people have better more stable incomes that other jobs | Many ecotourism schemes fund community projects

Question 37

What is sustainable development

Answer 37

Improving the quality of life for people but doing it in a way that doesnt stop people in the future getting what they need

Question 38

Why is ecotourism sustainable

Answer 38

It is done without damaging the environment, without it people may have to do something that harms the environment

Question 39

Why has tourism grown over the last 60 years

Answer 39

More disposable income, so can afford holidays Companies give more paid holidays, so peopel have more free time Travel has become cheaper, more people can afford holidays Holiday companies now use the internet to sell holidays