BE - Lecture 1 Flashcards
class notes ended at S: 49 cards to S:42 (200 cards)
1
Q
active ROM
- ____
- ___ is moving parts
- ____ than passive ROM
A
voluntary
patient
smaller
2
Q
passive ROM
- ___ barrier
- ____
- ___ is not moving parts
- ___ than active ROM
A
physiologic
involuntary
patient
larger
3
Q
joint play
- ____ barrier
- ____ barrier
- _____ and ____
- after ____ and ___ range
- ___ are made here
A
paraphysiologic structural involuntary and passive active and inactive adjustment
4
Q
3 true joints of the shoulder complex
A
GHJ
SCJ
ACJ
5
Q
1 false joint
A
STJ
6
Q
3 bones of the shoulder complex
A
humerous
clavicle
scapula
7
Q
GHJ has the ___ mobility
A
greatest
8
Q
SCJ is the only real link to ____ skeleton
A
axial
9
Q
shoulder complex involves “____ stabilization”
A
dynamic
10
Q
if the SCJ moves, so does the ___ and ___
A
ACJ
STJ
11
Q
SCJ has a ___ capsule
A
synovial
12
Q
the SCJ has a SC ___
A
disk
13
Q
the SC disk has inferior part to the ____ and superior part to the ____
A
clavicle
manubrium
14
Q
SC disk maintains ___ and ___
A
strength
stability
15
Q
SC disk will sublux ___ and ____
A
ant and sup
16
Q
dislocation happens __% to the SCJ
A
1
17
Q
ACJ has a ___ capsule
A
synovial
18
Q
the AC disk with upper extremity usage will go from fibrocartilage —> ____
A
meniscoid
19
Q
shoulder separation happens at the ___ J
A
AC
20
Q
shoulder separation involves the ____ cap, ___ lig and ___ lig
A
anterior
AC
CC
21
Q
with shoulder separation there will be ___ of the ACJ
A
gapping
22
Q
T2 landmark seated
A
seated
superior/medial angle of the scap
23
Q
T3 landmark seated
A
spine of the scap
24
Q
T7 seated
A
inferior angle of the scap
25
2" should be the average distance between what?
SPs
| vertebral border
26
primary movements of the STJ
elevation
| depression
27
secondary movements of the STJ
```
protract
retract
upward rotation
downward rotaion
(rotation in reference to the inf angle)
```
28
STJ is a ___-joint
pseudo
29
adhesive capsulitis leads to a loss of the __;___ ratio
2:1
| becomes 1:1
30
adhesive capsulitis you have pain on ___
abd
31
adhesive capsulitis can be caused by ___ (____/____) or ____ ____
trauma (direct or indirect)
| over use
32
Codman's exercise
stretch capsule w/o load
| hang down in front and make little circles --> big circles
33
scapular winging
serr ant. subscap, rhomboids keep the scapula gliding and sliding over rib cage and it isn't
scaps wing out
34
GHJ has a ___ articular surface of humerus and ____ articular surface of scapula
large
| small
35
angle of inclination for the GHJ
130-150
36
angle of inclination of the GHJ made by what 2 bones
Btw the midline shaft of the humerus and midline shaft of the scapula
37
angle of torsion of the GHJ
30
| how it hangs in resting position
38
humerus should hang and should face a little ___ and ___
medial
| post
39
glenoid labrum is an extension from the glenoid ___
fossa
40
glenoidal labrum ___ and gives ___ articulation to the humerus
deepens
| more
41
glenoid labrum allows ______to attach
long head of the biceps
42
glenoid labrum is ___ on top and ___ on bottom
loose
tight
(opp of the glenohumeral capsule)
43
glenohumeral capsule is ___ on top and ___ on bottom
tight
loose
(opp of the glenoid labrum)
44
glenohumeral capsule is supported by the ___
subscapularis
45
glenohumeral capsule forms the ___ with the SITS muscles
cuff
46
coracoacromial arch involves 3 things
coracoid process
acromion
coracoacromial lig
47
coracoacromial arch protects 3 things
subacromial bursa
rotator cuff tendons
long head of BB
48
coracoacromial arch keeps the GHJ from dislocating ___
superiorly
49
2 bursa in the shoulder
subacromial
| subdeltoid
50
bursa decreases ___
friction
51
dislocation of the GHJ is usually in ___ and ___ ___ position
hyperextention
| external rotation
52
during dislocation of the GHJ the humerus will move ___ and ___
ant
| inf
53
during dislocation of the GHJT there is __ or ___ use
little
| no
54
4 tests for GHJT diagnoses
ant drawer
apprehension
dugas
Feagin
55
dislocation of the GHJT usually caused by ___
trauma
56
during dislocation you have to ___ to rule out ___
x ray
| fracture
57
___ maneuver is used to fix a dislocation of the GHJ
Kocher
58
Reason why the glenoidal labrum is loose on the top?
for mobility
59
Reason why the glenoid labrum is tight on the bottom
for stability
60
SX of bursitis
```
Cardinal signs:
swelling
pain
reddness
heat
```
61
positions that a pt will feel pain when they have bursitis
Flex, abd, ER
62
during c.c. _______ will cause pain during PROM and AROM
bursitis
63
2 causes of bursitis
trauma , overuse
64
two special test for bursitis
push-button, dawbarns
65
flexion of GHJ is ____ degrees
160
66
____ degrees: extension of GHJ
60
67
____ degrees: adduction of GHJ
75
68
____ degrees: abduction of GJH
180
69
____ degrees: protraction of GHJ
20
70
____ degrees: retraction of GHJ
30
71
____ degrees: : ER of the GHJ
100
72
____ degrees: IR of the GHJ
70
73
M. that preform Flexion of the GHJ
ant. delt
long bicep brachii
pec. Major
74
M that preform Extension of GHJ
```
Post. delt
teres maj
teres minor
lat. dorsi
triceps
```
75
M that preform adduction of GHJ
pect maj
lat dorsi
teres major
76
M that preform abduction of GHJ
supraspinatus
| mid delt
77
During abduction of the GHJ there is ____ sliding of the humeral head
inferior
78
the humerus has to _____ for abduction to finish
ER
79
The first 15 degrees of abduction of the GHJ is preformed by the ______M.
Supraspinatus
80
M that preform IR of the GHJ
subscapularis
| pec major
81
M that preform ER of the GHJ
infraspinatus , teres minor
82
Look at Slide 22 for TOS sx of the GHJ
there are a lot
83
GHJ Stabilization at rest is provided by the following 3 structures
Joint capsule
superior GH lig.
CH lig
84
______ joint pressure stabilizes the GHJ at rest
negative joint pressure
85
The GHJ has _____ at rest (shoulder is rotated)
glenoid inclination
86
two muscles that stabilizes the GHJ during weight bearing
Suprascapular
| long head of the bicep
87
elbow preforms ____ degrees of flexion
140
88
M that preform elbow flexion
brachialis
Bicep brachii
brachioradialis
89
Avulsed bicep brachii usually occurs at the ____ head of the bicep
long head
90
2 causes of bicep avulsion
lifting trauma
| degeneration
91
elbow can do _____degrees of extension
0.3
92
2 muscles that assist in elbow extension
tricep brachii
| anconeus
93
students elbow is _______
olecranon bursitis
94
two causes of olecranon bursitis
trauma, infection
95
the elbow can preform _____degrees of supination
80 degrees
96
3 M. that preform supination of the elbow
supinator
bicep brachii
brachioradialis
97
more axial force load is on _____ bone during supination
ulna
98
SNP "saturday night palsy" is a condition in the elbow caused by ______
compression of the radial N. from over tension for an extended period of time
99
Compression on a nerve will cause a decrease of axoplasmic flow with will impede: (3 things)
decrese blood flow
decrease venous return
decrease reduction
100
the elbow has ____ degrees of pronation
75
101
M. of pronation of the elbow
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
brachioradialis
102
There is more axial force on the _____ bone during elbow pronation
radius
103
ulnar neuropathy can because by entrapment btw which two M
pronator teres
| flex. carpi ulnaris
104
3 special tests for ulnar neuropathy
wartenberg
froment
tinels
105
wartenberg test tests for _____
ulnar neuropathy
106
froment test will test for ______
ulnar neuropathy
107
carrying angle of the humero-ulnar joint is _____ degrees
15 degrees
108
What causes the 15 degrees of the carrying angle of the humero-ulnar joint
the trochlea
109
carrying angle _____ with a larger valgus position of the forarm
increases
110
The carrying angle _____ when the arm is in a more varus position
decreases
111
The elbow joint capsule blends with the ___, __, & ___ lig of the elbow
annular lig
MCL
LCL
112
Name the 3 parts of the MCL of the elbow
anterior
medial
transverse
113
The MCL of the elbow stabilizes _____ stress
valgus
114
Which lig stabilizes valgus stress of the elbow
MCL
115
The MCL of the elbow limits end-range ___
extension
116
MCL of the elbow resists _____ loads
traction
117
3 condition names that affect the medial lig of the elbow
little league elbow
golfer's elbow
medial epicondylitis
118
little league elbow is ___
medial epicondylitis
119
golfer's elbow is ______
medial epicondylitis
120
2 tests for medial epicondylitis
tinels
| mills
121
Pt will experience weakness in the _____ M. when they have medial epicondylitis
weakness in the wrist flexors
| the origin of most wrist flexors
122
Name the 3 parts of the LCL lig of the elbow
radial, ulnar and annular
123
_____ lig stabilizes varus & supination stress of the elbow
LCL
124
The LCL lig of the elbow stabilizes about ___ & ___ stresses
varus
| supination
125
The LCL lig of the elbow resists _____ loads
traction
126
The MCL and LCL of the elbow resist ____ loads
traction
127
Two conditions that are caused by inflammation of the LCL
tennis elbow , lateral epicondylitis
128
Tennis elbow is ____
lateral epicondylitis
129
2 tests for lateral epicondylitis
Cozen
| mills
130
_____ C.c. can be caused by over pronation/ wrist extension
tennis elbow
131
lateral epicondylitis can cause muscle weakness in the wrist _____ M
wrist extensors
132
2 causes of lateral epicondylitis
repetitive wrist extension
supination
133
_____ lig. forms a ring around the radius
annular lig
134
nursemaids elbow is trauma to the ____ lig
annular
135
Nursemaids elbow is caused by putting the annular lig in ____,_____, and ____
pronation, extension and distraction
136
nursemaids elbow is usually on the Right or Left elbow ?
left
137
What bones of the wrist are considered to be the "big 3"
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
| proximal row
138
___degrees of flexion in the wrist
75
139
M. that preform wrist flexion
flexor carpi ulnaris
| flexor carpi radialis
140
_____ degrees of wrist extension
74
141
M that preform wrist extension
extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis
| extensor carpi ulnaris
142
There is no muscular force on the ____ row of the carpals
proximal
Intercalated - there is no lig insertions
143
under compression the scaphoid ____ & the lunate ___
scaphoid flexes
| lunate extends
144
The capitate bone is the "_____" or pivot
keystone
145
In neutral the ____ and ___ bones of the wrist pack together
capitate and scaphoid
146
In full extension the ____ and _____ bones of the wrist pack together
scaphoid and lunate
147
compressive forces can cause the scaphoid to _____ which can cause a fracture
drop
148
compressive forces allows toe lunate to ____ which can cause subluxation
move up
149
What is a SLAC injury
when the capitate drops btw the lunate and scaphoid
150
Why are the tunnel of guyon and carpel tunnel to most suseptable to injury?
because they are under the retinaculum
151
boundaries of the carpel tunnel
pisiform/ hook of hamate
| navicular / trapezium
152
boundaries of the tunnel of guyon
hamate/ pisiform
153
what passes through the tunel of guyon
ulnar nerve
154
def____: hand goes numb
anstisia
155
def_: no feeling
dis-astisia
156
def____: tingling
parastesia
157
What bones of the wrist are considered to be the "big 3"
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
| proximal row
158
___degrees of flexion in the wrist
75
159
M. that preform wrist flexion
flexor carpi ulnaris
| flexor carpi radialis
160
_____ degrees of wrist extension
74
161
M that preform wrist extension
extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis
| extensor carpi ulnaris
162
There is no muscular force on the ____ row of the carpals
proximal
Intercalated - there is no lig insertions
163
under compression the scaphoid ____ & the lunate ___
scaphoid flexes
| lunate extends
164
The capitate bone is the "_____" or pivot
keystone
165
In neutral the ____ and ___ bones of the wrist pack together
capitate and scaphoid
166
In full extension the ____ and _____ bones of the wrist pack together
scaphoid and lunate
167
compressive forces can cause the scaphoid to _____ which can cause a fracture
drop
168
compressive forces allows toe lunate to ____ which can cause subluxation
move up
169
What is a SLAC injury
when the capitate drops btw the lunate and scaphoid
170
Why are the tunnel of guyon and carpel tunnel to most suseptable to injury?
because they are under the retinaculum
171
boundaries of the carpel tunnel
pisiform/ hook of hamate
| navicular / trapezium
172
boundaries of the tunnel of guyon
hamate/ pisiform
173
what passes through the tunel of guyon
ulnar nerve
174
def____: hand goes numb
anstisia
175
def_: no feeling
dis-astisia
176
def____: tingling
parastesia
177
name the 4 tests that can be used to assess carpel tunnel sx
tinels
phalens
reverse-phalens
carpel compression
178
Ulnar triad will be seen where there is trauma to _____ tunnel
pisiform/ hamate tunnel
179
Describe 3 sx of the ulnar triad that is caused in the pisiform/hamate tunnel
tenderness
clawing
hypothenar atrophy
180
_____ degree of ulnar deviation
35
181
ulnar deviation is _____ movement
adduction
182
____ degrees of radial deviation
21
183
radial deviation is ____ movement
abduction
184
M that contribute to ulnar deviation
flexor carpi ulnaris
| extensor carpi ulnaris
185
M that contribute to radial deviation
extensor carpi radialis brevis & longus
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
186
What joint has recipical motion?
intercarpels - when one row goes one way the other moves the opposite
187
To get very little to no recipical motion deviation in the wrist: closed pack position in _______
full extension
| or splay
188
To get very little to no recipical motion deviation in the wrist: ______ position
splay
(of closed pack full extension
189
What is splaying position ?
having the fingers fully spread out
190
What is two importances to distal and proximal carpel row shift
decrease friction on the wrist
| increase ROM
191
Closed back position keeps which two bone tight
schapoid & lunate
192
What are the two tendons constricted during de quervains disease
abductor pollicis longus
| extensor pollicis brevis
193
_______ disease is caused by stenosiing tenosynovitis
de quervains disease
194
____: c.c. where there is inflammation of the tenson sheath over the radial styloid process
stenosing tenosynovitis
| de quervains disease
195
What are two causes of tensosing tenosynovitis
overuse trauma of thumb and wrist
direct trauma
196
c.c._________ disease : symptoms show increase pain on thumb/wrist extension
increase pain on general wrist flexion
palp. tenderness over radial styloid process
de quervains disease
| stenosing tenosynovitis
197
c.c.________: nodule formation on hand flexor tensons or aponeurosis
dupuytrens contracture
198
What digits are usually affected by dupuytrens contracture
4 & 5th
| makes them look claw like
199
c.c._________: presentation is flexion deformity of hand
fingers drawn into palm
pain may/may not be present
duputrens contracture
200
c.c. duputrens contracture : _______
nodule formation on hand flexor tensons or aponeurons
| usually 4th and 5th digit
