BEC

Question 1

4 aims of emergency care?

Answer 1

Preserve the patients life
Prevent the patients condition from deteriorating
Promote the patients recovery
Phone the emergency services

Question 2

Chain of survival?

Answer 2

Early recognition and call for help
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation care

Question 3

Number for resuscitation team in hospital?

Answer 3

2222

Question 4

Tidal volume of rescue breaths?

Answer 4

500 - 600ml

Question 5

Treatment for a patient not breathing but with a pulse

Answer 5

Give rescue breaths every 6 secs and assess after a minute

Question 6

10 causes of unconsciousness?

Answer 6

Fainting
Imbalance of heat
Shock
Head injury

Stroke
Heart attack
Asphyxia
Poisoning
Epilepsy
Diabetes
(FISH SHAPED)

Question 7

Signs and symptoms of a fracture? (5)

Answer 7

Visible fracture
deformity
pain
swelling
discolouration

Question 8

How should you treat a fracture?

Answer 8

ABCDE
Get help
Immobilise
Splinter/ sling
Control bleeding if open fracture
Monitor limb circulation

Question 9

What do you do if a patient is chocking but can cough?

Answer 9

Encourage them to cough

Question 10

What do you do if a patient is choking and falls unconscious?

Answer 10

Start CPR

Question 11

What do you do if a patient is chocking with an ineffective cough but is conscious?

Answer 11

5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts

Question 12

What is the first thing you ask someone to do if they are choking?

Answer 12

Cough

Question 13

Assessment of airways (4)

Answer 13

Unresponsive
use of accessory muscles
added sounds
see saw respiratory pattern

Question 14

Airway interventions? (unconscious and no gag reflex)

Answer 14

Open airways
Suction
Artificial airway e.g. nasal airways, i gel

Once airway is open, give 15L of oxygen via a non-rebreather mask keeping sats love 94% (88% for COPD patient)

Question 15

Assessment of breathing?

Answer 15

Look (rate, symmetry, effort, SpO2, colour)
Listen (talking, auscultation, wheeze, silent chest, other added sounds)
Feel (chest expansion, percussion)

Question 16

Breathing intervention?

Answer 16

Ventilation (with bag/ valve/ mask) if resp. rate
Position upright if struggling to breath
Specific treatment e.g. salbutamol for asthma

Question 17

Circulation assessment?

Answer 17

Look at colour
Feel peripheries temperature
pulse
cap. refill (should refill in

Question 18

Approx. systolic bp if central pulse present

Answer 18

60mmHg

Question 19

Approx. systolic bp if femoral pulse present

Answer 19

70mmHg

Question 20

Approx. systolic bp if radial pulse present

Answer 20

80-90 mmHg

Question 21

What is shock

3 general causes

Answer 21

inadequate tissue perfusion
hypovolaemia
pump failure
vasodilation (sepsis, anaphylaxis)

Question 22

Symptoms of shock

Answer 22

Nausea and vomiting
thirst
rapid breathing
sweating 
fast and weak pulse
pale cold clammy skin
reduced consciousness
confused and anxious

Question 23

Circulation interventions

Answer 23

position supine with legs raised (left lateral tilt in pregnancy)
IV access
SpO2 monitor if available
keep patient warm
loosen tight clothing
get help
reassure

Question 24

Assessment of disability

Answer 24

AVPU 
pupil size/ response
posture
blood sugar monitoring
check drugs you've given

Question 25

Disability interventions

Answer 25

Optimise airway, breathing, circulation recovery position treat underlying causes e.g. deceased BM, control seizures (buccal Midazolam)

Question 26

Exposure intervention

Answer 26

Examine clothes keep warm maintain dignity monitor vital signs