Beck Ch 2 + 3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are the 3 situations in which the focus of CBT would shift from present focused to focus on the past?
- When the client expresses a strong desire to do so,
- When work directed toward current problems and future aspirations
produces insufficient change, or - When you judge that it’s important for you and clients to understand how and when their key dysfunctional ideas and behavioral coping strategies originated and became maintained.
What model is CBT based on?
The cognitive model
What does the cognitive model hypothesize?
It hypothesizes that people’s emotions, behaviors, and physiology are influenced by their perception of events (both external and internal).
It’s not a situation in and of itself that determines what people feel and do but rather how individuals construe a situation
How can you train yourself to notice automatic thoughts?
Ask yourself: “What was just going through my mind?”
When:
* you begin to feel dysphoric,
* you feel inclined to behave in a dysfunctional way (or to avoid
behaving in an adaptive way)
* you notice changes in your body or mind that distress you (e.g., shortness of breath or racing thoughts)
What are automatic thoughts rooted in?
Beliefs
What are core beliefs
Enduring understandings so fundamental and deep that we often do not articulate them, even to ourselves
Individuals regard these ideas as absolute truths—just the way things “are”
What are the three categories that negative beliefs usually fall in?
- Helplessness (being ineffective—in getting things done, self- protection, and/or measuring up to others);
- Unlovability (having personal qualities resulting in an inability to get or maintain love and intimacy from others); and
- Worthlessness (being an immoral sinner or dangerous to others).
What is a Schema (is Piagetian terms)
A hypothesized mental structure that organizes information.
What makes maladaptive schemas difficult to change?
Negative data that supports the schema reinforces it, but positive data that goes against the core belief is either discounted or not noticed at all. See figure 3.3. on p 34
When clients are depressed, what happens to core beliefs?
They tend to be negative, extreme, global, rigid, and overgeneralized.
What are intermediate beliefs?
Attitudes, rules, and assumptions
Give an example of an intermediate belief that is an attitude:
It’s terrible to fail.
Give an example of an intermediate belief that is an assumption:
If I try to do something difficult, I’ll fail. If I avoid doing it, I’ll be ok.
Give an example of an intermediate belief that is a rule:
I should give up if a challenge seems too great
What is the diathesis–stress model?
Existing vulnerabilities exposed to relevant stressor results in disorder
The Strengths‐Based Cognitive Conceptualization Diagram depicts (among other things) the relationship among what 4 things?
- Important life events and adaptive core beliefs
- Adaptive core beliefs and the meaning of the client’s automatic thoughts
- Adaptive core beliefs, related intermediate beliefs, and adaptive coping strategies
- Situations, adaptive automatic thoughts, and adaptive beahviours
What is the purpose of the The Strengths-Based Cognitive Conceptualization Diagram?
Helps you pay attention to and organize the client’s patterns of helpful cognitions and behaviour
What does the Traditional cognitive conceptualization do?
The traditional (i.e., problem-based) organizes the maladaptive information you collect about clients
The Traditional Cognitive Conceptualization Diagram depicts (among other things) the relationship among what 4 things?
- Important life events and core beliefs
- Core beliefs and the meaning of client’s automatic thoughts
- Core beliefs, intermediate beliefs, and dysfunctional coping strategies
- Trigger situations, automatic thoughts, and reactions
When do you share your conceptualization with clients?
You share your partial conceptualization with clients verbally at every session as you summarize their experiences in the form of the cognitive model
NOTE: says this on page 49. Confusing because later on (page 52) it says that at some point, usually the middle part of therapy, you will share the information from both the top and bottom of the conceptualization. I’m confused about what the “partial” part is that is being shared in every session. Is it the top or bottom? but unclear from the text.
When might the traditional cognitive conceptualization diagram mislead you?
The completed diagram will mislead you if you choose situations in which the themes of clients’ automatic thoughts are not part of an overall pattern.
How do you fill the bottom half of the traditional cognitive conceptualization?
1) Start with 3 typical current situations related to the presenting problems in which clients became upset or behaved in an unhelpful way.
2) Fill in the key automatic thoughts and the subsequent emotion, relevant behavior (if any), and physiological reac- tion
What should you do in your conceptualization if a client has more than one theme in their automatic thoughts?
Make sure to include situations that reflect those themes
To complete the top box of the diagram, ask yourself (and the client):
- How did the core belief originate and become maintained?
- What life events (often including those in childhood and adolescence, if any are relevant) did the client experience that might
be related to developing and maintaining the beliefs? - Next ask yourself, “What are the client’s most important intermediate beliefs: rules, attitudes, and conditional assumptions?” Unhelpful rules often start with “I should” or “I shouldn’t,” and unhelpful attitudes often start with “It’s bad to.”
