Beer

Question 1

What is beer?

Answer 1

Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted cereal grains such as barley that are flavored with
hops (a plant), brewed, and fermented by the action of yeast.

Question 2

What are the main ingredients of beer?

Answer 2

Four essential building
blocks: malt, water, hops, and yeast.

Question 3

How many other ingredients can be added during the production of beer?

Answer 3

Myriad ingredients including fruit,
spices, chocolate, coffee, honey, bacon, donuts, and even certain strains of bacteria and wild yeast
can add additional flavor, aroma, texture, and alcohol to beer

Question 4

How Malt can ferment and make beer?

Answer 4

Grain needs an extra step to create the fermentable sugar
necessary to produce alcohol.
The process ofr Malt is called malting. The grain is
allowed to partly germinate. This is done by mimicking the plant’s growth cycle as it gets ready to
produce a new shoot or plant. Enzymes begin breaking down carbohydrate stores inside the seed,
making them available to be converted into sugars so that fermentation can occur.

Question 5

Why Malt is so important for beer?

Answer 5

• Provides the sugar needed to create alcohol
  -Determines beer color
• Contributes to beer aroma and flavor
• Creates sweetness and body

Question 6

What are the main aromas in malt?

Answer 6

Toasty, nutty, roasty, sweet, dried fruit

Question 7

What are the main Malt driven beers?

Answer 7

Pale Lager, Oktoberfest, Brown Ale, Doppelbock, Porter, Stout.

Question 8

Why water is so important of the production of beer?

Answer 8

Water represents 85% to 95% of most beers. Water minerals bring flavors to beer such as chalk, flint, and sulfur.

Question 9

Why hops are so important in the production of beer?

Answer 9

Hops are the flowering “cone” of the Humulus lupulus plant and have been used in brewing since
at least the 11th century, possibly even longer. There are hundreds of varieties of hops,
each with a unique combination of oils and levels of bitter resins.

Question 10

What hops impart to beer?

Answer 10

• Contribute an array of aromas and flavors.
• Impart bitterness to beer
• Act as a preservative due to their antimicrobial properties.

Question 11

How bitterness is measured in beer?

Answer 11

Through IBU (International Bitterness Units)

Question 12

What is the scale of IBU?

Answer 12

From 5 to 120 units. The higher the IBU the more bitterness you will find in a beer.

Question 13

Lightly hopped beer

Answer 13

Kolsh, International Lager

Question 14

Moderately hopped beer

Answer 14

Pillsner, English Pale Ale,

Question 15

Intensely hopped beer

Answer 15

American Pale Ale, IPA, Imperial IPA

Question 16

How does the fermentation process work in beer?

Answer 16

Yeast + sugars in malt Alcohol + CO2 + other chemical compounds

Question 17

What type of yeasts are used in beer?

Answer 17

• Ale Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• Lager Yeast: Saccharomyces pastorianus.
• Wild Yeast: Brettanomyces
• Souring Bacteria: Lactobacillus and Pediococcus

Question 18

How do the Ale yeasts work?

Answer 18

Ale yeast, also known as brewer’s or baker’s yeast, works at
warmer temperatures (about 70 degrees Fahrenheit, or 20
degrees Celsius, or higher), rousing a relatively fast-paced
fermentation that creates fruity and spicy aromatic
compounds.

Question 19

How does the Lager Yeasts work?

Answer 19

Lager yeast prefers cool temperatures (50 to 55 degrees
Fahrenheit, or 10 to 13 degrees Celsius), ferments at a very
slow pace, and sinks to the bottom of the tank. Lagers have
more subtle and clean flavors, with minimal fruity or spicy
characteristics.

Question 20

Most important Yeasty beer

Answer 20

• German Weizenbeer
• Many Belgian Style beer
• Brettanomyces

Question 21

What are the two most important groups in beer?

Answer 21

Lager and Ale

Question 22

What are the main differences between Lagers and Ales?

Answer 22

Lagers ferment at lower temperature and have
more subtle and clean flavors, with minimal fruity or spicy
characteristics. Ales ferment at higher temperature and are more fruity, spicy and in general more aromatic.