Beginnings of English America: 1607-1660

Question 1

England’s stability in the 16th century was undermined by what?

Answer 1

Religious conflicts.

Question 2

Finish this sentence: England’s methods to subdue Ireland in the 16th and early 17th century -

Answer 2

Established patterns that were repeated in America.

Question 3

English crown issues individuals such as:

Answer 3

Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh

Question 4

What did these individuals do? Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh

Answer 4

Colonized America with the Crown’s money, but both failed to do so.

Question 5

Anti-Catholicism

Answer 5

Became deeply ingrained in English pop culture

Question 6

A discourse concerning western planting argued what?

Answer 6

Settlement in North America would strike a blow to England’s most powerful enemy - Spain.

Question 7

What were the crown’s motivations to settle America?

Answer 7

National Glory, Missionary Zeal, and a goal of rivaling Spain and France.

Question 8

worsening Economy and Enclosure movement led to what?

Answer 8

Increased number of poor and led to social crisis.

Question 9

Unruly poor people -

Answer 9

We’re encouraged to leave England for New World

Question 10

Thomas Moore’s 1516 work Utopia describes what?

Answer 10

A place where settlers could go to escape economic inequalities of Europe.

• A place where many imagined America to be

Question 11

*** Needs to be edited. English Incr. viewed America as what?

Answer 11

Land where man could control own labor and gain ind.

Question 12

Sustained immigration was vital for what?

Answer 12

English settlements survival

Question 13

Between 1607 and 1700, how many people left England?

Answer 13

Little more than 1/2 million

Question 14

Where did these people settle?

Answer 14

Ireland, West Indies and North America.

Question 15

What kind of people were the majority that settled in North America?

Answer 15

Young, single men from lower classes of English society

Question 16

2/3 of settlers to America were what?

Answer 16

Indentured Servants

Question 17

Indentured servants are

Answer 17

Servants who worked for exchange of passage, room and board, lodging and freedom dues. Not the same as a slave.

Question 18

Indentured sergeants did not

Answer 18

Have many liberties while under their contract

Question 19

Land had replaced what

Answer 19

Religion as a basis for freedom and liberty, including voting rights.

Question 20

Colonies were started as what

Answer 20

Large land grants to a company or proprietor

Question 21

Land equals what

Answer 21

Source of wealth and power for colonial officials

Question 22

Finish this sentence: More settlers went to

Answer 22

Chesapeake and New England than New Mexico, Florida and New France combined.

Question 23

English was most interested in

Answer 23

Displacing Indians and settling on their land.

Question 24

Most colonial authorizes recognized Indian title to land based on

Answer 24

Occupancy

Question 25

English emphasized

Answer 25

Converting Indians like Spanish and French

Question 26

17th century marked by frequent warfare between

Answer 26

Colonist and Indians. Any victories gave English a heightened sense of superiority.

Question 27

England and other colonial empires used Indians as what

Answer 27

Guides, trading partners and in war vs French, Spanish

Question 28

English goods

Answer 28

Integrated into Indian life

Question 29

European goods changed what

Answer 29

Indians farming, hunting and cooking practices.

Question 30

These exchanges stimulated what

Answer 30

Warfare between Indian tribes

Question 31

Finish this sentence - As English sought to reshape Indian society and culture,

Answer 31

Their practices undermined traditional Indian society

Question 32

Settlers often

Answer 32

Fenced in more land and introduced more crops and livestock, transforming the natural environment

Question 33

Settlement and survival were debatable because

Answer 33

High death rates, frequent leadership changes, inadequate supplies from England and prioritizing gold over farming

Question 34

By 1616, what percentage of immigrants who arrived In first decade were dead ?

Answer 34

80%

Question 35

John Smith’s tough leadership did what

Answer 35

Held early colony together

Question 36

1618: New policies

Answer 36

Were adopted so that colony would survive

Question 37

Headright system

Answer 37

Land grant, usually 50 acres given to the settlers.

Question 38

Charter of grants and liberties created

Answer 38

Elected assembly House of Burgesses. 1st met in 1619

Question 39

First blacks from Africa arrived in what year

Answer 39

1619; 1st evidence of slavery in colony

Question 40

Powhatan

Answer 40

Leader of 30 tribes near James Town. Eagerly traded with England

Question 41

In the beginning, relations between English and Indians were what

Answer 41

Peaceful

Question 42

John smith tried to maintain the peace, but what brought conflict

Answer 42

His return to England in 1610. Brought tension and conflict between the two groups.

Question 43

After Pocahontas was captured by England, she

Answer 43

Married John Rolfe.

Question 44

What did this marriage symbolize?

Answer 44

Anglo-Indian harmony

Question 45

England caused conflict when making this decision.

Answer 45

Decided on a permanent colony instead of a trading post

Question 46

1622: Opechancanough - who was this and what happened

Answer 46

Powhatans brother; led attack on Virginia settlers.

Question 47

English forced the Indians to do what

Answer 47

Recognize their subordination to James Town government and moved them onto reservations.

Question 48

1624: Virginia colony does what

Answer 48

Surrendered its charter town to Crown; became the royal colonies.

Question 49

Tobacco

Answer 49

Virginia’s gold; production reached 30 million pounds by 1680s

Question 50

Expansion of tobacco production led to

Answer 50

Increase demand for field labor

Question 51

Virginia society lacked

Answer 51

Stable family life

Question 52

Social conditions paved way for

Answer 52

Women to assume rare roles; this was not done in England

Question 53

Tobacco dominated

Answer 53

Economy

Question 54

Tobacco planters dominated

Answer 54

Society

Question 55

1632: Maryland was

Answer 55

Established as a proprietary colony under Cecilius Calvert

Question 56

Cecilius Calvert imagines MD as a

Answer 56

Feudal domain (law possession of one owns land)

Question 57

Proprietary colonies vs

Answer 57

Royal colonies

Question 58

Calvert envisioned Maryland as

Answer 58

Refuge for persecuted Catholics

Question 59

Most elected officials were initially

Answer 59

Catholic, but outnumbered by Protestants

Question 60

Maryland offered servants greater

Answer 60

Opportunity for land ownership than Virginia, despite its high death rate

Question 61

What emerged from Protestant Reformation in England?

Answer 61

Puritanism

Question 62

Puritans believed

Answer 62

Church of England retained too many elements of Catholicism

Question 63

Puritans considered religious belief to be

Answer 63

Complex issue, urging believers to seek truth by reading the Bible and listening to sermons.

Question 64

Puritans believed God

Answer 64

Predetermined who was saved and damned

Question 65

Puritans I migrated to new world hoping

Answer 65

To establish a bible commonwealth that would eventually influence England.

Question 66

Puritans came to America in search of

Answer 66

Liberty and right to worship and govern themselves

Question 67

Puritans were governed by

Answer 67

“A moral liberty, to that only which is good”

Question 68

Puritans has severe restraints on

Answer 68

Speech, religion, and personal behavior