Behaviorism

Question 1

What are some key assumptions of behaviorism?

Answer 1

1. Lab experiments are the best method
2. When we’re born, we come into the world tabula rasa
3. All behavior is learnt
4. Processes that concern learning are the same in all species
5. The 2 important forms of learning are Classical and Operant conditioning

Question 2

What does Tabula Rasa mean?

Answer 2

Blank slate

Question 3

What is Classical Conditioning?

Answer 3

The idea that we learn by forming new associations between something in the environment (stimulus) and a physical reaction (response)

Question 4

What is Operant Conditioning?

Answer 4

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior. An association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior

Question 5

What are some positives of Behaviorism?

Answer 5

1. High Scientific Credibility (due to lab experiments)
2. Real Life Application (classrooms, prisons and psychiatric hospitals)

Question 6

What are some limitations of Behaviorism?

Answer 6

1. Environmental Determinism (humans are seen as passive with little free will)
2. Ethical Issues (animals are exposed to stress)

Question 7

What is Positive Reinforcement?

Answer 7

When something desired is given so as to increase a desired behaviour

Question 8

What is Negative Reinforcement?

Answer 8

When something unpleasant is removed so as to increase a desired behaviour

Question 9

What is Punishment?

Answer 9

Applying an unpleasant consequence following a behaviour to make it less likely to occur