behavioural pharmacy Flashcards
(18 cards)
what is the biopsychosocial model of illness
Health well-being and disease are depended on the interaction between a range of factors
* Biological
* Psychological
* Social (environmental)
like a Venn diagram
who came up with the biopsychosocial model
[Engel, 1977, 1980]
BIOLOGICAL (Genetics and physiology)
- what 4 factor
- disease
- pathogenesis
- microbiology
- pharmacology
SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
- 5 factors
- socioeconomic status
- public and environmental health
- occupational health
- social support
- healthcare policy e.g. free vs paid, prescribing policies
what are the 2 types of effects of health ad disease
direct and indirect
examples of direct effects
e.g. exposure to toxins in work
examples of indirect effects
Indirect effects eg - poverty, overcrowding, infections
how socioeconomic status and life expectancy are linked based off professor sir Michael marmot UCL
big difference
star lane - 75.3 years vs Oxford Circus 96.38 years
lancaster gate vs Mile End = 12 year difference
crossing the thames = 6 year difference
What is health psychology the study of?
Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioural processes in health, illness, and healthcare. It is concerned with understanding how psychological, behavioural, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness.
What is behavioural medicine?
An interdisciplinary field concerned with: The development and integration of environmental, behavioural and biomedical knowledge relevant to health and disease. The application of this knowledge to prevention, treatment and
rehabilitation of illness”.
Aims of health psychology/behavioural medicine:
…to understand, explain, and develop theories to test the role of psychological factors in the maintenance of health, quality of life and cause of illness.
Where is health psychology applied?
- The promotion and maintenance of health e.g. healthy eating & physical activity
- The prevention and management of illness e.g. smoking, alcohol, sexual health, pain, adherence
- Identifying psychological factors contributing to physical illness e.g. depression/anxiety in chronic illness, QoL
- The improvement of the health care system e.g. screening uptake, doctor – patient communication
- Understanding and optimising adherence to treatment e.g. New Medicines Service
what is behavioural pharmacy
A new term – the application of behavioural medicine in pharmacy settings
what are the 3 factors in ‘multidisciplinary public health’
epidemiology
psychology
sociology
what is epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems.
why is psychology key
Psychology understanding of human behaviour essential to health such as decision making.
why is sociology key
Sociology understanding how health behaviour is influenced and constrained by social factors eg SES, gender and ethnicity
components of self care
- prevention and health promotion e.g. smoking cessation and diet, exercise
- minor illness = appropriate access and self treatment
- chronic illness = adherence support: medication and lifestyle
